CSU LogoGeologyCalifornia State University - Stanislaus

Honduras Geology (updated 22 August, 1998)

Bibliography of Central American Geology

Recent additions are displayed in the color RED.
 

Southern Mexico Guatemala El Salvador Belize Honduras Nicaragua Costa Rica Panama Central America Region

Southern Mexico

Bertagne, Allen, chairperson. Mexico and Central America: Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK), 16(12), p. 1756-1805, December 1997.

Blair, T. C., 1988, Mixed siliciclastic-carbonate marine and continental syn-rift sedimentation, Upper Jurassic-lowermost Cretaceous Todos Santos and San Ricardo Formations, western Chiapas, Mexico: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 58, p. 623-636.

Böse, E., 1905, Reseña acerca de la geología de Chiapas y Tabasco: Boletín, Instituto Geologico de Mexico, v. 20, p. 116.

Burkart, B., 1978, Offset across the Polochic fault of Guatemala and Chiapas Mexico: Geology, v. 6, p. 328-332 Burkart, B., 1985, Geology and tectonic features, southern Mexico and Guatemala, in Ladd, J. W., and Buffler, R. T., eds., Middle America Trench off western Central America: Ocean Margin Drilling Program, Regional Atlas Series, Marine Science International, p. sheets 14-15.

Burkart, B., Deaton, B. C., Dengo, C., and Moreno, G., 1987, Tectonic wedges and offset Laramide structures along the Polochic fault of Guatemala and Chiapas, Mexico: Reaffirmation of large Neogene displacement: Tectonics, v. 6, p. 411-422.

Caballero-M., Cecilia I. (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Paleomag. Lab., Instituto Geofisica, Mexico City, Mexico) and Urrutia-Fucugauchi, Jaime. Paleocurrents from magnetic fabrics analysis and geological indicators in Tecomazuchil Formation, southern Mexico [abstr.]: in Geological Society of America, South-Central Section 31st annual meeting and Rocky Mountain Section 50th annual meeting, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, 29(2), p. 6, February 1997. Meeting: March 20-21, 1997, El Paso, TX.

Castro Escamilla, R. R., 1980, Un modelo de la corteza terrestre para el sur de México mediante el uso de sismos profundos [Ing. Tesis] [74 pages]: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Cardenas, M. (Ciudad Universitaria, Instituto de Ingeniera, Coyoacan, Mexico); Nunez-Cornu, F.; Lermo, J.; Cordoba, D. and Gonzalez, A. Seismic energy attenuation in the region between the coast of Guerrero and Mexico City; differences between paths along and perpendicular to the coast: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 105(1-2), p. 47-58, illus. incl. geol. sketch map, 36 ref., January 1998.

Claeys, Philippe (Inst. f. Mineralogie, Museum f. Naturkunde, Invalidenstr. 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany (philippe.claeys, z.hu-berlin.de)); Heuschkel, Sabine and Stoeffler, Dieter. Chicxulub and the kt: a case study for crater-ejecta relationships [abstr.]: in Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, 29(6), 1997. Meeting: Oct. 20-23, 1997, Salt Lake City, UT.

Cuervo, Arturo Soto (Pemex Exploration and Production, Tampico, Mexico). The new Pemex and exploration in Mexico; an overview: in Mexico and Central America (Bertagne, Allen, chairperson), Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK), 16(12), p. 1759-1760, port., December 1997.

de Sansores, J. C. and C. Flores-Covarrubias, 1972. Foraminíferos Bentonicos del Terciario Superior de la Cuenca Salina del Istmo de Tehuantepec, Mex. Mexico City: Instituto MExicano del Petróleo.

Dostal, J. (Saint Mary's University, Department of Geology, Halifax, NS, Canada); Keppie, J. D. and Centeno-Garcia, E. Evaluation of potential late Mesozoic connections between the Insular Belt and Coast Mountain Orogen (Alaska-British Columbia) and the Guerrero Terrane western Mexico [abstr.]: in Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, 29(6), p. 483, 1997. Meeting: Oct. 20-23, 1997, Salt Lake City, UT.

Durham, J. Wyatt, A. R. V. Arellano, and Joseph H. PeckJr, 1955. Evidence for no Cenozoic Isthmus of Tehuantepec seaways. Geological Society of America Bulletin 66: 977-92.

Enright, Richard (Bridgewater State College, Department of Earth Science and Geography, Bridgewater, MA). Hyperspectral analysis of the Iguala-Teloloapan area, State of Guerrero, Mexico [abstr.]: Proceedings of the Thematic Conference on Geologic Remote Sensing, 12(2), p. 425, 1 ref., 1997.

Ferrusquia-Villafran, Ismael (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Geologia, Mexico City, Mexico) and McDowell, Fred W. The Cenozoic magmatic and sedimentary record in seven selected areas across southeastern Mexico; its bearing to better understand the geologic evolution of this region [abstr.]: in Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, 29(6), p. 482, 1997. Meeting: Oct. 20-23, 1997, Salt Lake City, UT.

Garcia-Perez, Frank (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra, Mexico City, Mexico) and Urrutia-Fucugauchi, Jaime. Crustal structure of the Arteaga Complex, Michoacan, southern Mexico, from gravity and magnetics: Geofisica Internacional, 36(4), p. 235-244 (Spanish sum.), illus. incl. sketch map, 42 ref., December 1997.

Hernandez-Romano, Ulises (UNAM, Area de Exploracion de Recursos Energeticos, Mexico, Mexico); Aguilera-Franco, Noemi; Martinez-Medrano, Martin and Barcelo-Duarte, Jaime. Guerrero-Morelos Platform drowning at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary, Huitziltepec area, Guerrero State, southern Mexico: Cretaceous Research, 18(5), p. 661-686, illus. incl. charts, sects., 1 table, geol. sketch map, 69 ref., October 1997. Radiolaria, calcareous algae, foraminifera

Johnson, C. A., and Harrison, C.G.A., 1990, Neotectonics in central Mexico: Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., v. 64, p. 187-210.

Kesler, S. E., and Josey, W. L., 1973, Comparison of the pre-late Paleozoic basement complex on opposite sides of the Cuico-Chixoy-Polochic fault zone in western Guatemala and southern Mexico, Informe y trabajos técnicos presentados en la Tercera Reunión de Geólogos de América Central: Publicaciones Geológicas del ICAITI, p. 115-123.

Kohl, B., 1985. Early Pliocene benthic foraminifers from the Salina Basin, southeastern Mexico. Bulletin of American Paleontology 88: 173.

Martinez-Gutierrez, G. 1996. Initial Report of the Neogene stratigraphyof the Buenavista-San Jose del Cabo Basin, B.C.S., Mexico. Neogene events of the eastern tropical Pacific and Central American seaway.

Martiny, Barbara (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Geologia, Mexico City, Mexico); Martinez-Serrano, Raymundo; Ayuso, Robert A.; Macias-Romo, Consuelo; Moran-Zenteno, Dante J. and Alba-Aldave, Leticia. Pb isotope geochemistry of Tertiary igneous rocks and continental crustal complexes, southern Mexico [abstr.]: in AGU 1997 fall meeting, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 78(46, SUPPL.), p. 844, November 18, 1997. Meeting: Dec. 8-12, 1997, San Francisco, CA.

Mercier de Lepinay, B. and 5 others, 1997, Large Neogene subsidence event along the Middle America Trench off Mexico (18-19 N): evidence from submersible observations: Geology, v. 25, p. 387-390.

Meschede, M., Frische, W. Hermann, U.R. and Ratschbacher, L., 1997, Stress transmission across a consuming plate margin: correlation between convergence vector and paleostress tensor directions in southern Mexico, Tectonophysics, v. 266, p. 81-100.

Meza-Figueroa, D. (University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, AZ) and Ruiz, J. Preservation of ocean island basalts and arc-like rare-earth-element patterns in eclogites; a case study of the Acatlan Complex, Southern Mexico [abstr.]: in Seventh annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (?), LPI Contribution, 921, p. 141, 10 ref., 1997.

Moore, G. F. and T. H. Shipley, 1988. Mechanisms of sediment accretion in the Middle America Trench off Mexico. Journal of Geophysical Research 93: 8911-27.

Müllerried, F. K. G., 1942, The Mesozoic of México and northwestern Central America: Proceedings of the Eighth American Scientific Congress, v. 4, Geological Sciences, p. 125-147.

Nuttall, W. L. F., 1935. Upper Eocene Foraminifera from Mexico. J. of Paleontology 6: 3-35.

Oliver, Jim (Farallon Resources, Vancouver, BC, Canada); Payne, John and Rebagliati, Mark. Precious-metal-bearing volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits, Campo Morado, Guerrero, Mexico: Exploration and Mining Geology, 6(2), p. 119-128, illus. incl. 3 tables, 9 ref., April 1997.

Richards, H. G., 1963, Stratigraphy of earliest Mesozoic sediments in southeastern Mexico and western Guatemala: Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, v. 47, p. 1861-1870.

Shipley, T. H. and others, 1982. Sedimentation in different tectonic environments of the Middle America Trench, southern Mexico and Guatemala. Trench-forearc geology; Sedimentation and tectonics on modern and ancient active plate margins, Editor J. K. Leggett, 95-106. Geological Society of London.

Steiner, M. B., and Walker, J. D., 1996, Late Silurian plutons in Yucatan: J Geophys Res-Solid Earth, v. 101, no. B8, p. 17727-17735.

Watkins, J. S., 1989. The Middle America Trench off southern Mexico. The Eastern Pacific Ocean and Hawaii, Editors E. L. Winterer, D. M. Hussong, and R. W. Decker, 523-34. The Geology of North America. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America.

Weber, B. (Mineralogisch-Petrographisches Institut, Munchen, Federal Republic of Germany); Moran-Zenteno, D. J.; Soellner, F. and Koehler, H. Magmatic and metamorphic evolution of the Grenville-age Guichicovi Complex in southern Mexico [abstr.]: in Seventh annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (?), LPI Contribution, 921, p. 214-215, 5 ref., 1997.

return to top

Guatemala

Anderson, T. H., Burkart, B., Clemons, R. E., Bohnenberger, O. H., and Blount, D. N., 1973, Geology of the western Altos Cuchumatanes, northwestern Guatemala: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, p. 305-826.

Anderson, T. H., Erdlac, R. J., Jr., and Sandstrom, M. A., 1985, Late-Cretaceous allochthons and post-Cretaceous strike-slip displacement along the Cuilco-Chixoy-Polochic Fault, Guatemala: Tectonics, v. 4, p. 453-475.

Beccaluva, L., Bellia, S., Coltorti, M., Dengo, G., Giunta, G., Mendez, J., Romero, J., Rotolo, S., and Siena, F., 1995, The northwestern border of the Caribbean plate in Guatemala: New geological and petrological data on the Motagua ophiolitic belt: Ofioliti, v. 20, p. 1-15.

Bertrand, J., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., and Vuagnat, M., 1978, Ages (K-Ar) sur diverses ophiolites et roches associées de la Cordillère centrale du Guatémala: Bulletin Suisse de Minéralogie et Petrographie, v. 58, p. 405-412.

Bertrand, J., and Vuagnat, M., 1980, Inclusions in the serpentinite melange of the Motagua fault zone, Guatemala: Tectonic Inclusions and Associated Rocks in Serpentinites, v. 33, p. 321-335.

Bonis, S., 1969, A summary of the geology of Guatemala: Publicaciones Geológicas del ICAITI, v. 2, p. 76-80.

Bonis, S., 1970, Mapa Geológico de la República de Guatemala: Instituto Geográfico Nacional.

Bonis, S. B., 1965, Geología del Area de Quezaltenango (Translated into English by O.H. Bohnenberger), Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Guatemala: Guatemala, Instituto Geográfico Nacional, 84 p.

Bosc, E., 1971, Geology of the San Agustín Acasaguastlán quadrangle and northeastern part of El Progreso quadrangle [Ph.D. Diss.] [131 pages]: Rice University, Houston.

Bucknam, R. C., G. Plafker, and R. V. Sharp, 1978. Fault movement (afterslip) following the Guatemala earthquake of February 4, 1976. Geology 6: 170-3.

Burkart, B., 1965, Geology of the Esquipulas, Chanmagua and Cerro Montecristo quadrangles, southeastern Guatemala [Ph.D. Diss.] [121 pages]: Rice University, Houston.

Burkart, B., 1978. Offset across the Polochic fault of Guatemala and Chiapas, Mexico. Geology 6: 328-32.

Burkart, B., 1983, Neogene North America-Caribbean plate boundary across northern Central America: Offset along the Polochic Fault: Tectonophysics, v. 99, p. 251-270.

Burkart, B., 1985, Geology and tectonic features, southern Mexico and Guatemala, in Ladd, J. W., and Buffler, R. T., eds., Middle America Trench off western Central America: Ocean Margin Drilling Program, Regional Atlas Series, Marine Science International, p. sheets 14-15.

Burkart, B., Clemons, R. E., and Crane, D. C., 1973, Mesozoic and Cenozoic stratigraphy of southeastern Guatemala: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 57, p. 63-73.

Burkart, B., Deaton, B. C., Dengo, C., and Moreno, G., 1987, Tectonic wedges and offset Laramide structures along the Polochic fault of Guatemala and Chiapas, Mexico: Reaffirmation of large Neogene displacement: Tectonics, v. 6, p. 411-422.

Carvalho Gonçalves da Silva, Z., 1967, Studies on jadeites and albitites from Guatemala [M.A. thesis] [21 pages]: Rice University, Houston.

Cepek, P., 1975, Die Kreide-Coccolithen aus de Referenz-Lokalität der Sepur-Folge bei Lanquin in Guatemala: Geologisches Jahrbuch, v. Band 14, p. 87-109.

Chesner, Craig A. (, Charleston, IL 61920) and Halsor, Sid P. Geochemical trends of sequential lava flows from Meseta volcano, Guatemala: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 78(3-4), p. 221-237, September 1997.

Clemons, R., Burkart, B., and Godoy O., J., 1969, Mapa Geológico General de Guatemala, Chiquimula ND 16-5 G: Instituto Geográfico Nacional.

Clemons, R. E., 1966, Geology of the Chiquimula quadrangle, Guatemala, Central America [Ph.D. Diss.] [124 pages]: The University of Texas, Austin.

Clemons, R. E., 1966, Mapa Geológico de Guatemala, Chiquimula sheet: Instituto Geográfico Nacional.

Clemons, R. E., Anderson, T. H., Bohnenberger, O. H., and Burkart, B., 1974, Stratigraphic nomenclature of recognized Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks of western Guatemala: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 58, p. 313-220.

Clemons, R. E. and L. E. Long, 1971. Petrologic and isotopic study of the Chiquimula Pluton, southeastern Guatemala. Geological Society of America Bulletin 82: 2729-40.

Crane, D. C., 1965, Geology of Jocotán and Timushán quadrangles, southeastern Guatemala [Ph.D. Diss.] [85 pages]: Rice University, Houston.

Deaton, B. C., and Burkart, B., 1984, Time of sinistral slip along the Polochic Fault of Guatemala: Tectonophysics, v. 102, p. 297-313.

Dengo, C. A., 1986, Comment on "Late Cretaceous allochthons and post-Cretaceous strike-slip displacement along the Cuilco-Chixoy-Polochic Fault, Guatemala" by T.H. Anderson, R.J. Erdlac, and M.A. Sandstrom: Tectonics, v. 5, p. 469-472.

Dengo, C. A., and Logan, J. M., 1981, Superimposed deformation environments along the Polochic fault zone in western Guatemala, Central America: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 13, p. 439.

Donnelly, T. W., 1977. Metamorphic rocks and structural history of the Motagua suture zone, eastern Guatemala. Caribbean Geological Conference, 8th, Abstracts with Programs: 40-1.

Erdlac, R. J., Jr., and Anderson, T. H., 1982, The Chixoy-Polochic fault and its associated fractures in western Guatemala: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 93, p. 57-67.

Erikson, J. P., 1990, The Motagua fault zone of Guatemala and Cenozoic displacement of the Caribbean-North American plate boundary: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 22, p. A229.

Espinosa, A. F., 1976, The Guatemalan earthquake of February 4, 1976, a preliminary report, Professional Paper, U.S. Geological Survey, p. 90.

Foshag, W. F., and Leslie, R., 1955, Jadeite from Manzanal, Guatemala: American Antiquity, v. 21, p. 81-83.

Fourcade, E. (Departement de geologie sedimentaire, Universite Pierre-et-Marie-Curie et CNRS, URA 1761, pateontologie et stratigraphie, case 117, 4, place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France); Alonzo, M.; Barrillas, M.; Bellier, J. P.; Bonneau, M.; Cosillo, A.; Cros, P.; Debrabant, P.; Gardin, S.; Masure, E.; Philip, J.; Renard, M.; Rocchia, R. and Romero, J. La limite Cretace/Tertiaire dans le sud-ouest du Peten (Guatemala) [The K/T boundary in southwestern Peten (Guatemala)]: Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Serie II. Sciences de la Terre et des Planetes, 325(1), p. 57-64 (English sum.), 25 ref., 1997.

Gomberg, D. N., Banks, P. D., and McBirney, A. R., 1968, Guatemala: Preliminary zircon ages from the Central Cordillera: Science, v. 162, p. 121-122.

Harlow, G. E., 1990, Constraints on the geochemical and P-T evolution of Guatemalan jadeitite and related inclusions in serpentinite: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 22, p. 349.

Harlow, G.E., Jadeites, Albitites and Related Rocks from the Motagua Fault zone, Guatemala. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 1993

Johnson, K. R., 1984, Geology of the Gualan and southern Sierra de las Minas quadrangles, Guatemala [Ph.D. Diss.] [355 pages]: State University of New York, Binghamton.

Johnson, K. R., and Muller, P. D., 1985, Guatemala's Motagua Valley: a neglected piece of the northern Caribbean puzzle: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 17, p. 620.

Johnson, K. R., and Muller, P. D., 1986, Late Cretaceous collisional tectonics in the southern Yucatán block of Guatemala: Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Progs., v. 18, p. 647.

Kanamori, H., and Stewart, G. S., 1978, Seismological aspects of the Guatemala earthquake of February 4, 1976: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 83, p. 3427-3454.

Kesler, S. E., Josey, W. L., and Collins, E. M., 1970, Basement rocks of western nuclear Central America: The western Chuacús Group, Guatemala: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 81, p. 3307-3322.

Knutson, Steve. NSS Guatemala expedition 1997; Santa Cruz Mountains, Peten: NSS News, 56(1), p. 5- 14, January 1998.

Kornicker, L. S. and W. R. Bryant, 1969. Sedimentation on Continental Shelf of Guatemala and Honduras. American Association of Petroleum Geologists 11: 244-57.

Kupfer, D. H., and Godoy O., J., 1967, Strike-slip faulting in Guatemala: Transactions American Geophysical Union, v. 48, p. 215.

Ladd, J. W. and others, 1982. Interpretation of seismic reflection data of the Middle America Trench offshore Guatemala. Editors J. Aubouin and others, 675-89. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Ladd, J. W. and S. Schroder, 1985. Seismic stratigraphy of the continental shelf offshore Guatemala; implications for vertical tectonics related to subduction. 878-93. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. United States.

Langer, C. J., and Bollinger, G. A., 1979, Secondary faulting near the terminus of a seismogenic strike-slip fault: Aftershocks of the 1976 Guatemala earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 69, p. 427-444.

Lawrence, David P. 1975, Petrology and Structural Geology of the Sanarate-El Progreso Area, Guatemala. PhD, State University of New York at Binghamton.

Litke, Gene 1975, The Stratigraphy and Sedimentation of Barillas Quadrangle, Departmment of Huehuetenango, Guatemala, C. A.. MS, The University of Texas at Arlington.

Machorro Sagastume, R. A., 1993, Geology of the northwestern corner of the Granados quadrangle, central Guatemala [M.A. thesis] [89 pages]: University of Texas, El Paso.

Marini, Luigi (Universita di Genova, Dipartimento de Scienze della Terra, Genova, Italy); Cioni, Roberto and Guidi, Massimo. Water chemistry of San Marcos area, Guatemala: Geothermics, 27(3), p. 331-360, 26 ref., June 1998.

Matumoto, T., and Latham, G. V., 1976, Aftershocks of the Guatemala earthquake of February 4, 1976: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 3, p. 599-602.

McBirney, A., Aoki, K.-I., and Bass, M. N., 1967, Eclogites and jadeite from the Motagua fault zone, Guatemala: American Mineralogist, v. 52, p. 908-918.

McBirney, A. R., 1963, Geology of a part of the Central Guatemalan Cordillera: University of California Publications in Geological Sciences, v. 38, no. 4, p. 177-242.

Mosquera, A., 1984, Los Chortís en Guatemala, Editorial Universitaría, Colección Realidad Nuestra, 136 p..

Muehlberger, W. and A. W. Ritchie, 1975. Caribbean-Americas plate boundary in Guatemala and southern Mexico as seen on Skylab IV orbital photography. Geology 3: 232-5.

Muller, P. D., 1977, Mapa Geológico de Guatemala, Los Amates sheet: Instituto Geográfico Militar.

Muller, P. D., 1980, Geology of the Los Amates quadrangle and vicinity, Guatemala, Central America [Ph.D. Diss.] [326 pages]: State University of New York, Binghamton.

Newcomb, W. E., 1975, Geology, structure, and metamorphism of the Chuacús group, Rio Hondo quadrangle and vicinity, Guatemala [Ph.D. diss.] [115 pages]: State University of New York, Binghamton.

Newcomb, W. E., 1978, Mapa Geológico de Guatemala, Río Hondo sheet: Instituto Geográfico Nacional.

Newcomb, W. E., 1978, Retrograde cataclastic gneiss north of Motagua fault zone, east-central Guatemala: Geologie en Mijnbouw, v. 57, p. 271-276.

Newhall, C. G., 1987, Geology of the Lake Atitlán region, western Guatemala: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 33, p. 23-55.

Newhall, C. G., Paull, C. K., Bradbury, J. P., Higuera-Gundy, A., Poppe, L. J., Self, S., Bonar Sharpless, N., and Ziagos, J., 1987, Recent geologic history of Lake Atitlán, a caldera lake in western Guatemala: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 33, p. 81-107.

Paulsen, S., 1976, Mapa Geológico de Guatemala, Cobán sheet: Instituto Geográfico Nacional.

Petersen, E. W., and Zantop, H., 1980, The Oxec deposit, Guatemala: an ophiolite copper occurrence: Econ. Geol., v. 75, p. 1053-1065.

Plafker, G., 1976. Tectonic aspects of the Guatemala earthquake of 4 February 1976. Science 93: 1201-8.

Powers, S., 1918, Notes on the geology of eastern Guatemala and northwestern Spanish Honduras: Journal of Geology, v. 26, p. 507-523.

Reeves, T. K., Jr., 1967, Geology of the southern half of the El Progreso quadrangle, El Progreso, Guatemala [M.A. thesis] [87 pages]: Rice University, Houston.

Reynolds, J. H., 1987, Timing and sources of Neogene and Quaternary volcanism in south-central Guatemala: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 33, p. 9-22.

Richards, H. G., 1963, Stratigraphy of earliest Mesozoic sediments in southeastern Mexico and western Guatemala: Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, v. 47, p. 1861-1870.

Ritchie, A. W., 1976, Jocotán fault -- possible western extension, Informe y trabajos técnicos presentados en la IV Reunión de Geólogos de América Central: Publicaciones Geológicas del ICAITI, p. 52-55.

Ritchie, A. W., and McDowell, F. W., 1979, K-Ar ages of plutonic and volcanic rocks from the volcanic highlands of Guatemala northwest of Guatemala City: Isochron/West, no. no. 25, p. 3-4.

Roper, P. J., 1978, Stratigraphy of the Chuacús Group on the south side of the Sierra de las Minas range, Guatemala: Geologie en Mijnbouw, v. 57, p. 309-313.

Rosenfeld, J. H., 1980. The Santa Cruz ophiolite, Guatemala, Central America. Caribbean Geological Conference, 9th, Transactions: 451-2.

Rosenfeld, J. H., 1981, Geology of the Western Sierra de Santa Cruz Guatemala, Central America: An ophiolite sequence [Ph.D. Diss.] [313 pages]: State University of New York, Binghamton.

Rosenfeld, J. H., 1991, Sedimentary rocks of the Santa Cruz ophiolite, Guatemala - a proto-Caribbean history, in Larue, D. K., and Draper, G., eds., Transactions, 12th Caribbean Geological Conference, St. Croix, U.S.V.I., Miami Geological Society, p. 513-519.

Schwartz, D. P., 1978, Mapa Geológico de Guatemala, Zacapa sheet: Instituto Geográfico Nacional.

Schwartz, D. P., and Newcomb, W. E., 1973, Motagua Fault Zone: a crustal suture: EOS (Transactions American Geophysical Union), v. 54, p. T122.

Silva, Z. C. G., 1969, Estudio sobre jadeitas y albititas de Guatemala, Boletin Geológico, Instituto Geográfico Nacional, 22 p.

Smith, D. C. (Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Laboratoire de Mineralogie, Paris, France) and Gendron, F. New locality and a new kind of jadeite jade from Guatemala; rutile-quartz-jadeitite [abstr.]: in Fifth international eclogite conference, Terra Abstracts, 9, Suppl.1, p. 35, 1997. Meeting: Sept. 1-5, 1997, Ascona, Switzerland.

Sutter, J. F., 1979, Late Cretaceous collisional tectonics along the Motagua fault zone, Guatemala: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 11, p. 525-526.

Tobisch, K., and Schwartz, D. P., 1982, Late Quaternary geomorphic development of the central Motagua Valley, Guatemala: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 14, p. 632.

Vachard, D. (Universite des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, UFR des Sciences de la Terre, URA 1365 du CNRS, Laboratoire de Paleontologie - Bat. SN5, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France); Fourcade, E.; Romero, J. E.; Mendez, J.; Cosillo, A.; Alonzo, M.; Requena, J.; Azema, J. and Cros, P. Foraminiferes et algues du Permien du Guatemala [Permian foraminifera and Algae from Guatemala]: Geobios, 30(6), p. 745-784 (English sum.), 11 tables, 5 p.1/4 ref., 1997.

Vinson, G. L., 1962. Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary stratigraphy of Guatemala. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 46: 425-56.

von Huene, R., J. Aubouin, and others, 1980. Leg 67; The Deep Sea Drilling Project Mid-American Trench off Guatemala. Geological Society of America Bulletin, Part I 91: 421-32.

von Huene, R. and others, 1985. A study of geophysical data along the IPOD active margin transect off Guatemala. Editors J. Aubouin, R. von Huene, and others, 895-910. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Walker, J. A., Carr, M. J., Patino, L. C., Johnson, C. M., Feigenson, M. D., and Ward, R. L., 1995, Abrupt change in magma generation processes across the Central American arc in southeastern Guatemala: Flux dominated melting near the base of the wedge to decompression melting near the top of the wedge: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 120, no. 3-4, p. 378-390.

Walper, J. L., 1960, Geology of Cobán-Purulhá area, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 44, p. 1273-1315.

Walper, J. L., 1970, The role of the Chamelcón fault in Caribbean tectonics, submitted to Proceedings of the First Latin American Geological Congress: Lima, 28 p.

White, R. A., 1985, The Guatemala earthquake of 1816 on the Chixoy-Polochic fault: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 75, p. 455-473.

Williams, H., 1960. Volcanic history of the Guatemala highlands. University of California Publications in Geology 38: 1-86

Williams, H., and McBirney, A. R., 1964, Petrologic and structural contrast of the Quaternary volcanoes of Guatemala: Bull. Volcanol., v. 27, p. 61.

Williams, M. D., 1975. Emplacement of Sierra de Santa Cruz, eastern Guatemala. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 59: 1211-6.

return to top

El Salvador

Aiuppa, Alessandro (University of Palermo, Istituto di Mineralogia, Petrografia e Geochimica, Palermo, Italy); Carapezza, Maria Luisa and Parello, Francesco. Fluid geochemistry of the San Vicente geothermal field (El Salvador): Geothermics, 26(1), p. 83-97, 22 ref., February 1997.

Bommer, J. J. (Imperial College of Science, Technology & Medicine, England, United Kingdom); Udias, A.; Cepeda, J. M.; Hasbun, J. C.; Salazar, W. M.; Suarez, A.; Ambraseys, N. N.; Buforn, E.; Cortina, J.; Madariaga, P.; Mendez, P.; Mezcua, J. and Papastamatiou, D. A new digital accelerograph network for El Salvador: Seismological Research Letters, 68(3), p. 426-437, illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps, 31 ref., June 1997.

Dürr, F., and Stober, G., 1956, Sucesión normal de los Estratos de Metapán: Anales del Servicio Geológico Nacional de El Salvador, Boletín, v. no. 2, p. 44-54.

Fabriol, Hubert (Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres, Orleans, France) and Beauce, Alain. Temporal and spatial distribution of local seismicity in the Chipilapa-Ahuachapan geothermal area, El Salvador: in Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal fields, El Salvador (Nieva, David, editor), Geothermics, 26(5-6), p. 681-699, 24 ref., December 1997.

Fucugauchi, Jaime Urrutia (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Laboratorio de Paleomagnetismo Geofisica Nuclear, Coyoacan, Mexico); Rodriguez, Vicente Torres and Partida, Eduardo Gonzalez. Magnetostratigraphy of the Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal field, El Salvador: in Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal fields, El Salvador (Nieva, David, editor), Geothermics, 26(5-6), p. 577-588, 16 ref., December 1997.

Harlow, D. H., White, R. A., Rymer, M. J., and Alvarez G., S., 1993, The San Salvador earthquake of 10 October 1986 and its historical context: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 83, p. 1143-1154.

Jacqueline, Michel (Research Planning, Columbia, SC) and Zengel, Scott. Monitoring of oysters and sediments in Acajutla, El Salvador: Marine Pollution Bulletin, 36(4), p. 256-266, illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map, 8 ref., April 1998.

Kemper, E., and Weber, H.-S., 1979, Über einige Cenoman-Fossilien aus El Salvador und ihre biostratigraphische und paläogeogrphische Bedeutung: Geologisches Jahrbuch, Reihe B, v. Heft 37, p. 3-29.

Nieva, David, editor (Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Mexico). Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal fields, El Salvador: Geothermics, 26(5-6), p. 553-727, December 1997.

Nieva, David (Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Mexico); Verma, Mahendra Pal; Santoyo, Edgar; Portugal, Enrique and Campos, Alejandro. Geochemical exploration of the Chipilapa geothermal field, El Salvador: in Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal fields, El Salvador (Nieva, David, editor), Geothermics, 26(5-6), p. 589-612, 28 ref., December 1997.

Partida, Eduardo Gonzalez (Instituto de Inverstigaciones Electricas, Departamento Geotermia, Cuernavaca, Mexico); Rodriguez, Vicente Torres and Birkle, Peter. Plio-Pleistocene volcanic history of the Ahuachapan geothermal system, El Salvador; the concepcion de Ataco Caldera: in Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal fields, El Salvador (Nieva, David, editor), Geothermics, 26(5-6), p. 555-575, 35 ref., December 1997.

Partida, Eduardo Gonzalez (Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Mexico); Gutierrez, Alfonso Garcia and Rodriguez, Vicente Torres. Thermal and petrologic study of the Ch-A well from the Chipilapa-Ahuachapan geothermal area, El Salvador: in Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal fields, El Salvador (Nieva, David, editor), Geothermics, 26(5-6), p. 701-713, 28 ref., December 1997.

Perez Flores, Marco A. (CICESE, Divisio de Ciencias de la Tierra, Ensenada, Mexico) and Trevino, Enrique Gomez. Dipole-dipole resistivity imaging of the Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal field, El Salvador: in Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal fields, El Salvador (Nieva, David, editor), Geothermics, 26(5-6), p. 657-680, 29 ref., December 1997.

Rodriguez, Vicente Torres (Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Departamento de Geotermia, Cuernavaca, Mexico); Birkle, Peter; Partida, Eduardo Gonzalez; Nieva, David; Verma, Mahendra Pal; Marin, Enrique Portugal and Castellanos, Federico. Isotope zoning and origin of the aquifers in the discharge area of the geothermal fields of Ahuachapan and Chipilapa, El Salvador: in Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal fields, El Salvador (Nieva, David, editor), Geothermics, 26(5-6), p. 613-626, 11 ref., December 1997.

Romo, Jose Manuel (Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacio Superior de Ensenada, B.C., Ensenada, Mexico); Flores, Carlos; Vega, Raymundo; Vazquez, Rogelio; Flores, Marco A. Perez; Trevino, Enrique Gomez; Esparza, Francisco J.; Quijano, Julio E. and Garcia, Victor H. A closely-spaced magnetotelluric study of the Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal field, El Salvador: in Ahuachapan-Chipilapa geothermal fields, El Salvador (Nieva, David, editor), Geothermics, 26(5-6), p. 627-656, 59 ref., December 1997.

Weber, H. S., and Wiesemann, G., 1978, Mapa Geológico de la República de El Salvador/América Central: Bundesanstalt Für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe.

White, R. A., Harlow, D. H., and Alvarez, S., 1987, The San Salvador earthquake of October 10, 1986 -- seismological aspects and other recent local seismicity: Earthquake Spectra, v. 3, p. 419-434.

Wiesemann, G., 1975, Remarks on the geologic structure of the Republic of El Salvador, Central America: Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg, v. Heft 44, p. 557-574.

Williams, H., and Meyer-Abich, H., 1955, Volcanism in the southern part of El Salvador, with particular reference to the collapse basins of Lakes Coatepeque and Ilopango, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Sci., 64 p.

Belize

Bateson, J. H., and Hall, I. H. S., 1977, The Geology of the Maya Mountains, Belize: Institute of Geological Sciences, National Environmental Research Council, Overseas Memoir, v. 3, p. 43.

Burke, Collette D. (Wichita State University, Department of Geology, Wichita, KS); McHenry, Theodore M.; Bischoff, William D. and Mazzullo, S. J. Coral diversity and mode of growth of lateral expansion patch reefs at Mexico rocks, northern Belize shelf, Central America: in Carbonates and evaporites (Friedman, Gerald M., editor), Carbonates and Evaporites, 13(1), p. 32-42, illus. incl. 3 tables, sects., sketch maps, 30 ref., 1998.

Dawe, S. E., 1984, The geology of the Mountain Pine Ridge area and the relation of the Mountain Pine Ridge Granite to the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic geological history, Belize, Central America [M.A. Thesis] [52 thesis]: State University of New York, Binghamton.

Elswick, Erika R. A guaymas-style hydrothermal system within the Permian Santa Rosa group, Belize, based on sulfur isotopes, carbon/sulfur relations, and trace element geochemistry [abstr.]: in Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, 29(6), 1997. Meeting: Oct. 20-23, 1997, Salt Lake City, UT.

Ferro, C. Elmer (Rice University, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Houston, TX); Droxler, Andre W.; Mucciarone, Dave A.; Anderson, John B. and Morrice, Susan. Plio-Pleistocene evolution of the Belize margin; strike-oriented depositional sequence model in a carbonate-siliciclastic system [abstr.]: in American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1997 annual convention, Annual Meeting Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, 6, p. 35, 1997. Meeting: April 6-9, 1997, Dallas, TX.

Gilbert, Joseph J. and Morrice, Susan M. An alternative structural model for northern offshore Belize based on the integration of 2-D seismic data, well completion reports and logs. [abstr.]: in Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, 29(6), 1997. Meeting: Oct. 20-23, 1997, Salt Lake City, UT.

Lachkar, G., Michaud, F., and Fourcade, E., 1989, Nouvelles données palynologiques sur le Jurassique supérieur et le Crétacé inférieur du Sud-Est du Mexique (Formation Jerico, Chiapas): Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, v. 59, p. 93-107.

Lara, M. E., 1997, Divergent wrench faulting in the Belize Southern Lagoon: Implications for tertiary Caribbean plate movements and Quaternary reef distribution: Reply: AAPG Bull Amer Assn Petrol G, v. 81, no. 2, p. 334-337.

Nelson, John R. 1984, Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Late Paleozoic Rocks of the Mountain Pine Ridge, Belize. MA, State University of New York at Binghamton.

Ocampo, A. (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA); Pope, K.; Fischer, A.; Alvarez, W.; Fouke, B.; Asaro, F.; Webster, C., Jr.; Vega, F.; Smit, J.; Fritsche, A. E.; Claeys, P.; Rampino, M. and King, D., Jr. Chicxulub impact ejecta in Belize [abstr.]: in Conference on large meteorite impacts and planetary evolution; (Sudbury 1997) (?), LPI Contribution, 922, p. 37-38, 1 ref., 1997. Meeting: Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution, Sept. 1-3, 1997, Sudbury, ON, Canada.

Precht, W. F., 1997, Divergent wrench faulting in the Belize southern lagoon: Implications for tertiary Caribbean plate movements and Quaternary reef distribution: Discussion: AAPG Bull Amer Assn Petrol G, v. 81, no. 2, p. 329-333.

Smith, Jennifer R. (University of Pennsylvania, Department of Geology, Philadelphia, PA). Processes affecting preservation of archaeological sites in the lower Mopan and Macal River valleys, Belize [abstr.]: in Abstracts of papers to be presented at the meeting of the Northeastern Section of the Geological Society of America and Associated Societies, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, 30(1), p. 75, February 1998. Meeting: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section meeting, March 19-21, 1998, Portland, ME.

Steiner, M. B., and Walker, J. D., 1996, Late Silurian plutons in Yucatan: J Geophys Res-Solid Earth, v. 101, no. B8, p. 17727-17735.

Wantland, K. F. 1967. Recent Benthonic Foraminifera of the British Honduras Shelf. Ph. D. dissertation, Rice University.

________. 1975. Distribution of Holocene benthonic foraminifera on the Belize shelf. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Studies in Geology 2: 332-99.

return to top

Nicaragua

Ahlgren, I. (Uppsala University, Institute of Limnology, Uppsala, Sweden); Chacon, C.; Garcia, R.; Mairena, I.; Rivas, K. and Zelaya, A. Sediment microbial activity in temperate and tropical lakes, a comparison between Swedish and Nicaraguan lakes: in International association of theoretical and applied limnology; proceedings (Williams, W. D., editor; et al.), Verhandlungen - Internationale Vereinigung fuer Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie = Proceedings - International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology, 26, Part2, p. 429-434, illus. incl. 1 table, 21 ref., 1997. Meeting: International association of theoretical and applied limnology, 1995, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Belt, T., 1874. The naturalist in Nicaragua; A narrative of residence at the gold mines of Chontales; journeys in the savannahs and forest. London: J.S. Dent and sons.

Bolli, H. M. and others, 1968. Biostratigraphy and paleotemperatures of a section cored on the Nicaragua Rise, Caribbean Sea. Geological Society of America Bulletin 79: 459-70.

Brown, R. D.Jr., P. L. Ward, and G. Plafker, 1973. Geologic and seismologic aspects of the Managua earthquake of December 23, 1972. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 838: 34.

Crawford, J., 1892. The geology of Nicaragua. Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science 40: 261-70.

Crout, R. and S. P. Murray. 1979. Shelf and coastal boundary layer currents, Miskito bank of Nicaragua. Proceedings of The Sixtenth Coastal Engineering Conferance New York: American Soc. Civil Engineers

Darce R. Mauricio, 1995 Mineral resources in Central America with particular reference to northwestern Nicaragua. Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America. 27; 6, Pages 238. 1995.

Ehrenborg, J., 1996, A new stratigraphy for the Tertiary volcanic rocks of the Nicaraguan Highland: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 108, p. 830-842.

Gallup, Christina Danielle, 1997, High-precision uranium-series analyses of fossil corals and Nicaragua Rise sediments; the timing of high sea levels and the marine delta U-234 value during the past 200,000 years. Doctoral. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Minneapolis, MN, United States. Pages: 205.

Kolb, Wolfgang and Hannelore Schmidt, 1991. Depositional sequences associated with equilibrium coastlines in the Neogene of southwestern Nicaragua. Special Publications of the International Association of Sedimentologists 12: 259-72.

Manning, E. M. 1985. Ecology of Recent Foraminifera and Ostracods of the Continental Shelf of Southeastern Nicaragua. M.S. thesis, Louisiana State University.

McBirney, A. R., 1955, The origin of Nejapa pits near Managua, Nicaragua: Bulletin Volcanologique, v. 17, series II, p. 145-154.

McBirney, A. R., and Williams, H., 1965, Volcanic history of Nicaragua: University of California Publications in Geological Sciences, v. 55, p. 73.

McNight, S.B. and Williams, S.N., 1997, Old cinder cone or new composite volcano?: the nature of Cerro Negro: Geology, v. 25 (4), p. 339-342.

Metaxian, Jean-Philippe (Universite de Savoie, Laboratoire d'Instrumentation Geophysique, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France); Lesage, Philippe and Dorel, Jacques. Permanent tremor of Masaya Volcano, Nicaragua; wave field analysis and source location: Journal of Geophysical Research, B, Solid Earth and Planets, 102(10), p. 22,529-22,545, illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps, 55 ref., October 10, 1997.

Munoz, Angelica (Instituto Nicaragueense de Energia, Managua, Nicaragua); Baca, Dania; Artiles, Veronica; Duarte, Manuel and Barboza, Guillermo. Nicaragua; petroleum geology of the Caribbean margin: in Mexico and Central America (Bertagne, Allen, chairperson), Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK), 16(12), p. 1799-1805, illus. incl. geol. sketch maps, sects., strat. col., December 1997.

Nwaochei, Ben Nnaemeka 1980, Geophysical Investigations of the Nicaraguan Rise. PhD, Rutgers University.

Ostapenko, Serguei V. (INTERGEOTERM-M, Moscow, Russian Federation); Spektor, Serguei V. and Netesov, Yuri P. San Jacinto-Tizate geothermal field, Nicaragua; exploration and conceptual model: Geothermics, 27(3), p. 361-378, 11 ref., June 1998.

Owens, E. H. and H. H. Roberts, Variations of wave-energy levels and coastal sedimentation, eastern Nicaragua. Proceedings of the Sixteenth Coastal Engineering Conference 2: 1195-214. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers.

Patino, L. C. (Rutgers University, Department of Geological Sciences, New Brunswick, NJ) and Carr, M. J. Constraints on sediment recycling from western Nicaragua [abstr.]: in Seventh annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (?), LPI Contribution, 921, p. 158, 1997.

Paz-Rivera, N., 1963. Reconocimiento geológico de la costa Pacífico de Nicaragua. Boletín Servicio Geológico Nacional (Nicaragua) 8: 69-87.

Peebles Mark W, 1997, Benthic foraminiferal assemblages from current-swept carbonate platforms of the northern Nicaraguan Rise, Caribbean Sea. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 27; 1, Pages 42-50. (Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research. Ithaca, NY, United States).

Piniero, R. F. and R. S. Romero, 1962. Reconocimiento geológico minero de la porción noreste de la República de Nicaragua. Boletín Servicio Geológico Nacional (Nicaragua) 6: 51-91.

Roggensack, Kurt (Arizona State University, Department of Geology, Tempe, AZ); Hervig, Richard L.; McKnight, Steven B. and Williams, Stanley N. Explosive basaltic volcanism from Cerro Negro volcano; influence of volatiles in eruptive style: Science, 277(5332), p. 1639-1642, illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map, 25 ref., September 12, 1997.

Schuster, Gerard Thomas 1977, Seismic Studies of Crustal Structure in Nicaragua and Costa Rica. MS, University of Houston.

Sundblad, K., Cumming, G. L., and Krstic, D., 1991, Lead isotope evidence for the formation of epithermal gold quartz veins in the Chortis block, Nicaragua: Economic Geology, v. 86, p. 944-959.

Venable, M. E., 1993, An interpretation of the tectonic development of N.E. Nicaragua: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 25, no. 6, p. 286.

Weinberg, R. F., 1992, Neotectonic development of western Nicaragua: Tectonics, v. 11, p. 1010-1017.

Zoppis Bracci, L., 1961, Estudio preliminar de las mineralizaciones de tungsteno y molibdeno de Macuelizo, Departamento de Nueva Segovia: Boletin Servicios Geológicos Nacional Nicaragua, v. no. 5, p. 33-52.

Zoppis, Bracci L., 1961. Reconocimiento geológico-minero para el fosfato en el Departamento de Rivas. Boletín del Servicio Geológico Nacional (Nicaragua) 4: 85-117.

Zoppis Bracci, L. and D. del Giudice, 1958. Geología de la costa del Pacífico de Nicaragua. Boletín del Servicio Geológico Nacional de Nicaragua.

return to top

Costa Rica

Abratis, M. (Universitaet Goettingen, Geochemisches Institut, Gottingen, Federal Republic of Germany) and Woerner, G. Subduction of the aseismic Cocos Ridge displaced magma sources beneath the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica [abstr.]: in Seventh annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (?), LPI Contribution, 921, p. 1, 1 ref., 1997.

Aguilar A., Teresita, 1987. Comparacion entre la fauna malacologica de las principales formaciones del Plioceno marino de Costa Rica, America Central. Revista Geologica de America Central 6: 43-73.

Aguilar, T. and G. E. Alvarado. 1996. A synopsis of the Neogene events in Costa Rica. Neogene events of the eastern tropical Pacific and Central American seaway Proceedings of the International Symposium for IGCP-355 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico, December 1994, editors Susumu Nishimura, Adolfo Molina-Cruz, and Ryuichi Tsuchi, 51-68. Kyoto 606-01, Japan: Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University.

Aguilar, Teresita and Rudolf Fischer, 1986. Moluscos de la Formacion Montezuma (Plioceno-Pleistoceno; Costa Rica). Geologica et Palaeontologica 20: 209-41.

Alt, J. N., R. E. Harpster, and D. P. Schwartz, 1980. Late Quaternary deformation and differential uplift along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Geological Society of america Abstracts with Programs 12: 378-9.

Alvarado, G.E., Denyer, P. and Sinton, Sinton, C.W., 1997, The 89 Ma Tortugal komatiitic suite, Costa Rica: implications for a common geologial origin of the Caribbean and eastern Pacific region from a mantle plume: Geology, v. 25, p.439-442.

Astorga, Allan and others, 1991. Cuencas sedimentarias de Costa Rica: evolucion geodinamica y potencial de hidrocarburos. Revista Geologia de America Central 13: 25-59.

Atwood, G., 1882. On the geology of a part of Costa Rica, with an appendix (on the igneous rocks) by W.H. Hudleston. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 38: 328-40.

Azéma, J. and others, 1979. Precisiones acerca del Paleoceno de Puerto Quepos y sus alrededores, Provincia de Puntarenas, Costa Rica. San José: Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Informe Semestral, Julio-Diciembre.

Azema, J and J. Tournon, 1980. La peninsule de Santa Elena, Costa Rica; Un massif ultrabasique charrié en marge Pacific de l'Amerique centrale. Comptes Rendues de l'Academie des Sciences 290, D: 9-12.

Banta, W. C. and R. J. Carson, 1977. Bryozoa from Costa Rica. Pac. Sci. 31, 4: 381-424.

Barboza, Guillermo (Ministerio de Ambiente Y Energia, San Jose, Costa Rica); Fernandez, Jose A.; Barrientos, Jaime and Bottazi, Giovanni. Costa Rica; petroleum geology of the Caribbean margin: in Mexico and Central America (Bertagne, Allen, chairperson), Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK), 16(12), p. 1787-1794, illus. incl. geol. sketch maps, sects., strat. col., December 1997.

Barckhausen, Udo (Universitaet Goettingen, Institut fuer Geophysik, Gottingen, Federal Republic of Germany); Roeser, Hans A. and von Huene, Roland. Magnetic signature of upper plate structures and subducting seamounts at the convergent margin off Costa Rica: Journal of Geophysical Research, B, Solid Earth and Planets, 103(4), p. 7079-7093, illus. incl. 1 table, 39 ref., April 10, 1998.

Barr, K. W. and G. Escalante, 1969. Contribución al esclarecimeitno de la edad del complejo de Nicoya, Costa Rica. Guatemala: Publicaciones Geológicas del ICAITI 2.

Battistini, R. and J. P. Bergoeing, 1980. Observations sur le Quaternaire littoral de la cote caraibe du Costa Rica. Quaternaria 22: 237-42.

________, 1982. Un exemple de cote a structure faillee quadrillee et neotectonique active; La Cote Pacifique du Costa Rica. Bulletin de l'Association de Geographes Francais 59, 487-488: 199-205.

Baumgartner, P. O., 1984. El Complejo Ofiolítico de Nicoya (Costa Rica); Modelos estructurales analizados en función de los radiolarios (Calloviense a Santoniense). Manual de geología de Costa Rica, I: Estratigrafía, Editor P. Sprechmann, 115-24.

Baxter, S. 1976. Estudio geológico de las formaciones Mata de Limón y Punta Carballo, Costa Rica. Licenciatura thesis, Escuela Centroamericana de Geología, Universidad de Costa Rica.

Bellon, H. and J. Tournon, 1978. Contribution de la geochronométrie K-Ar a l'étude du magmatisme de Costa Rica, Amérique Centrale. Bulletin de la Societé Géologique de France 7 XX, 6: 955-9.

Berrange, J. P., 1977. Reconnaissance geology of the Tapantí Quadrangle, Talamanca Cordillera, Costa Rica. London: Institute of Geological Sciences, Overseas Division report .

________, 1989. The Osa group: an auriferous Pliocene sedimentary unit from the Osa peninsula, southern Costa Rica. Revista Geologica de America Central 10: 67-93.

Berrange, J. P., D. R. Bradley, and N. J. Snelling, 1989. K/Ar age dating of the ophiolitic Nicoya Complex of the Osa Peninsula, southern Costa Rica. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2, 1: 49-59.

Berrange, J. P. and R. S. Thorpe, 1988. The geology, geochemistry and emplacement of the Cretaceous-Tertiary ophiolitic Nicoya Complex of the Osa Peninsula, southern Costa Rica. Tectonophysics 147: 193-220.

Berry, E. W., 1921. Tertiary fossil plants from Costa Rica. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 59: 169-85. Washington, DC.

Bolanos I., K. and others, 1986. Coal exploration stage I, Uatsi project, Baja Talamanca, Costa Rica results and recommendations. United States Geological Survey Open File Report 121: 1-24.

Borne, Pamela F. 1995. Evidence of Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene environmental change and possible coastal upwelling based on marine ostracodes from the Moin Formation, Costa Rica. Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 45, p. 61-64.

Borne, Pamela F., Thomas M. Cronin, Harry J. Dowsett, and Barun K. Sen Gupta., 1994. Microfaunal evidence of Late Pliocene - early Pleistocene coastal oceanic upwelling in the Moin Formation, Costa Rica. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 26, 7: A170.

Borne, Pamela F., Joseph E. Hazel, Thomas M. Cronin, and Donald F. McNeill. 1996. Characteristic ostracode assemblages of the Rio Banano Formation (Pliocene) of Costa Rica. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs, v. 28, n. 6, p. 129.

Branson, E. B., 1928. Some observations on the geography and geology of middle-eastern Costa Rica. University of Missouri Studies 3: 28-72.

Buffler, R. T., 1982. Geologic structure of the forearc region off the west coast of Costa Rica in the vicinity of the Nicoya Peninsula; Results of a multifold seismic reflection survey. University of Texas Institute of Geophysics. Note: , unpublished.

Bundt, Maya (University of Bayreuth, Institute of Soil Science and Soil Geography, Bayreuth, Federal Republic of Germany); Kretzschmar, Sigrid; Zech, Wolfgang and Wilcke, Wolfgang. Seasonal redistribution of manganese of soil aggregates of a Costa Rican coffee field: Soil Science, 162(9), p. 641-647, illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map, 28 ref., September 1997.

Calvo V, Claudio and Angela Bolz, 1987. La secuencia de Venado, un estuario lagunar tropical del Mioceno Medio, San Carlos, Costa Rica. Revista Geologica de America Central 6: 1-24.

Carballo, H. M. A. and R. Fischer, 1978. La Formación San Miguel, Mioceno, Costa Rica. Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Informe Semestral Enero-Junio. San José

Cassell, David T., 1986. Neogene foraminifera of the Limon Basin of Costa Rica. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University.

Cassell, David T. and Barun K. Sen Gupta, 1989. Foraminiferal stratigraphy and paleoenvironments of the Tertiary Uscari Formation, Limon Basin, Costa Rica. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 19, 1: 52-71.

________, 1989. Pliocene foraminifera and environments, Limon Basin of Costa Rica. Journal of Paleontology 63, 2: 146-57.

Castillo, M. R., 1969. Geología de los mapas básicos Abra y parte de Río Grande, Costa Rica. Dirección de Geología Minas y Petróleo, Informes Técnicos y Notas Geológicas. San José. Note: (mimeographed report).

Castillo M., Rolando, 1984. Geologia de Costa Rica: una sinopsis. San Jose, Costa Rica: Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica. .

Chinchilla Chaves, Ana Leyla, 1989. Estudio geologico de la Formation Montezuma (Plio-Pleistoceno, Peninsula de Nicoya, Costa Rica). San Jose, Costa Rica: Universidad de Costa Rica.

Chinn, Elizabeth 1986, Diagenesis of Tertiary Volcanogenic Sandstone of the Terraba Trough, southwestern Costa Rica. MA, Louisiana State University.

Colombo, D. (Istituto di Ricerca per il Rischio Sismico-CNR, Milano, Italy); Cimini, G. B. and de Franco, R. Three-dimensional velocity structure of the upper mantle beneath Costa Rica from a teleseismic tomography study: Geophysical Journal International, 131(2), p. 189-208, illus. incl. sketch map, 56 ref., November 1997.

Colombo, D. (IRRS, Italian National Research Council (CNR), via Bassini, 15, I-20133, Milan, Italy); Gitis, V. and de Franco,. Application of pattern recognition techniques to long-term earthquake prediction in central Costa Rica: Engineering Geology, 48(1-2), p. 7-18, November 1997.

Cortes G., Victor M. (Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica). Impacto de las cenizas del volcan Irazu, en la Cuenca del Rio Reventado durante 1963-1965, Costa Rica: Geografia Aplicada y Desarrollo, 17(35), p. 36-50, 20 ref., 1997.

Cortes, J. N. 1981. The coral reef at Cahuita, Costa Rica; a reef under stress. Master's thesis, McMaster Univ.

Cortes, J. N. and M. J. Risk, 1982. Effect of siltation on a modern coral reef; Parque NAcional Cahuita, Costa Rica. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 14, 1-2: 12.

Cortes, J. and H. Guzman, 1985. Arrecifes coralinos de ;a costa Atlántica de Costa Rica. Brenesia 23: 275-92.

Crowe, J. C. and R. T. Buffler, 1983. Regional seismic reflection profiles across the Middle America Trench and convergent margin of Costa Rica. Seismic expression of structural styles; a picture and work atlas, vol 3, Editor A. W. Bally, 3.4.2.147-3.4.2.162. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Studies in Geology.

Dame, R. C., 1973, Polarity and non polarity of volcanism in Costa Rica, Informe y trabajos técnicos presentados en la Tercera Reunión de Geólogos de América Central: Publicaciones Geológicas del ICAITI, p. 41-46.

De Boer, J., 1979. The outer arc of the Costa Rican orogen (oceanic basement complexes of the Nicoya and Santa Elena Peninsulas). Tectonophysics 56: 221-59.

de Boer, J. Z. and others. 1995. Cenozoic magmatic phases of the Costa Rican island arc (Cordillera de Talamanca). Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 35-55. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Dengo, G., 1960. Notas sobre la geología de la parte central de litoral Pacífico de Costa Rica. Instituto Geogáfico de Costa Rica, Informe Semestral, Julio-Diciembre. San José.

Dengo, G., 1962. Estudio geologico de la region de Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Instituto Geografic De Costa Rica. San Jose, Costa Rica: Imprenta del Instituto Geografico.

Dengo, G., 1962. Tectonic-igneous sequence in Costa Rica. Petrologic Studies: a Volume to Honor A. F. Buddington, Editor A. E. J. Engel, 133-61. New York: Geological Society of America.

Diebold, J. B. and Mutter, C. Z. MCS Transects of the Gorda Rise and Costa Rica Rift: Two ONR-Funded Surveys aboard R/V Ewing: 21 p., July 15, 1997. Available from: National Technical Information Service, (703)487-4650, order number AD-A326 927/1NEG, Springfield, VA, United States. (Contract N00014-94-1-0110). Final report. 1 Oct 93-31 Mar 97.

Dilek, Yildirim (Miami University, Department of Geology, Oxford, OH, United Kingdom). Structure and tectonics of intermediate-spread oceanic crust drilled and DSDP/ODP holes 504B and 896A, Costa Rica Rift: in Geological evolution of ocean basins; results from the Ocean Drilling Program (Cramp, A., editor; et al.), Geological Society Special Publications, 131, p. 179-197, illus. incl. 1 table, sects., sketch maps, 62 ref., 1998.

Dondoli, C., G. Dengo, and E. Malavassi, 1968. Mapa Geológico de Costa Rica. San José: Instituto Geográfico Nacional. Note: , scale 1:700,000.

Escalante, G., 1966. Geología de la Cuenca Superior del Río Reventazón, Costa Rica. Publicaciones Geológicas del ICAITI. Guatemala.

Fischer, R. 1983. Die Ablagerungsbedingungen der Turrucares-Formation in Costa Rica (Miozaen; Valle Central). Regionale Und Historische Geologie 1, no. 3-4: 202-12.

Fischer, R. L. and J. C. Franco, 1979. La Formación Coris; Mioceno, Valle Central, Costa Rica. San José: Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Informe Semestral Enero-Junio.

Fischer, Rudolf, El desarrollo paleogeografico del Mioceno de Costa Rica. Anais II Congreso Latino-Americano Paleontologia: 565-79. Universidade de Rio Grande de Sul.

________, 1980. Recent tectonic movements of the Costa Rican Pacific coast. Tectonophysics 70: T25-T33.

________, 1981. Die herausformung des mittelamerikanischen Isthmus im Miozan Costa Ricas = The formation of the Central American Isthmus in the Costa Rican Miocene. Zentralblatt fuer Geologische und Palaontologische 1, 3/4: 210-21.

Gabb, W. M., 1874. Notes on the geology of Costa Rica. American Journal of Science 8: 388-90.

________, 1874a. Note on the geology of Costa Rica. American Journal of Science 7: 438-9.

________, 1875. Notes on the geology of Costa Rica. American Journal of Science 9: 198-204.

________, 1881. Descriptions of new species of fossils from the Pliocene clay beds between Limon and Moin, Costa Rica, together with notes on previously known species from there and elsewhere in the Caribbean ares. National Academy of Sciences Journal 8, 2: 349-80.

Galli-Olivier, Carlos, 1979. Ophiolite and island-arc volcanism in Costa Rica. Geological Society of America Bulletin 90: 444-52.

Gardner, Thomas W. and others, 1992. Quaternary uplift astride the aseismic Cocos Ridge, Pacific Coast, Costa Rica. Geological Society of America Bulletin 104: 219-32.

Goudkoff, Paul P. and William W. PorterIII, 1942. Amoura Shale, Costa Rica. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists 26, 10: 1647-55.

Graefe, Kirsten (Inst. Geology, Univ. Tuebingen, Sigwartstr. 10, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany, graefe, uni-tuebingen.de.); Frisch, Wolfgang and Meschede, Martin. Exhumation of the Cordillera de talamanca, Se Costa Rica [abstr.]: in Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, 29(6), 1997. Meeting: Oct. 20-23, 1997, Salt Lake City, UT.

Graham, A., 1983. Miocene communities from Costa Rica. Joint meeting of the Botanical Society of America and Canadian Botanical Association, convener D. L. Dilcher, 71. United States: Am. J. Bot.

________, 1987. Miocene communities and paleoenvironments of southern Costa Rica. American Journal of Botany 74, 10: 1501-18.

Granados, R. and T. Aguilar, 1983. Geopaleontología de la cuenca baja del Río Savegre, Costa Rica. Brenesia 21: 229-60.

Guillermo A., A. I., 1985. Aspectos petrológicos-geológicos de kis volcanes y unidades lavicas del Cenozoico superior de Costa Rica. Revista Geológica de América Central 2: 95.

Gursky, Hans-Jurgen 1984, Sedimentgesteine im Ophiolithischen Nicoya-Komplex (ober-Jura bis Alt-Tertiar von Costa Rica): ihre Verbreitung, Fazies U. Geologische Geschichte m. bes. Beruecksicht.d. Radiokarute. Philipps-University, Marburg.

Gursky, Monika Maria 1986, Tektonische und Thermische Deformationen im Ophiolithischen Nicoya-Komplex und Seinem SedimentSren Auflager (Nicoya-Halbinsel, Costa Rica) und ihre Bedeutung fÙr die Geodynamische Entwicklung im SÙdlichen Zentralamerika. PhD, Philipps-UniversitSt Marburg/Lahn.

Gursky, Monika M., 1988. Analisis tectonico de la Peninsula de Nicoya (Costa Rica) y su significado para el dessarrollo estructural-geodinamico de America Central meridional. Revista Geologica de America Central 8: 19-75.

Hagerty, M. (University of California at Santa Cruz, Earth Sciences Department, Santa Cruz, CA); Schwartz, S. Y.; Protti, M.; Garces, M. and Dixon, T. Observations at Costa Rican volcano offer clues to causes of eruptions: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 78(49), p. 565, 570-571, illus. incl. geol. sketch maps, sects., 12 ref., December 9, 1997.

Hare, Paul W. and Thomas W. Gardner, 1985. Geomorphic indicators of vertical neotectonism along converging plate margins, Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. Tectonic Geomorphology: Proceedings of the 15th Annual Binghampton Geomorphology Symposium, Editors M. Morisawa and J. T. Hack, 75-104. "Binghampton" Symposia in Goemorphology. Winchester, MA: Allen and Unwin.

Hauff, F. (GEOMAR, Dept. Volcan. Petrol., D-24148 Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany); Hoernle, K.; Schmincke, H. U. and Werner, R. A Mid Cretaceous origin for the Galapagos hotspot; volcanological, petrological and geochemical evidence from Costa Rican oceanic crustal segments: Geologische Rundschau, 86(1), p. 141-155, 19 anals., 2 tables, geol. sketch maps, 55 ref., 1997.

Henningsen, D., 1965. Stratigraphy and paleogeography of Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary sediments in southern Costa Rica. Publicaciones Geológicas de Instituto Centroamericano de Investigación y Tecnología Industrial 1: 53-7.

Henningsen, D. and R. Weyl, 1967. Ozeanische kruste im Nicoya-Komplex von Costa Rica, Mittelamerika. Geologische Rundschau 57: 33-47.

Henningsen, Dierk, 1966. Die Pazifische Kustenkordillere (Cordillera Costena) Costa Ricas und ihre Stellung innerhalb des Sud-Zentralamerikanischen Gebirges. Geotektonische Forschungen 23: 3-66.

Herwitz, S. R., 1981. Landforms under a tropical wet forest cover on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica. Zeitschrift fuer Geomorphologie 25, 3: 259-70.

Hoffstetter, R., G. Dengo, and R. Weyl, 1960. Costa Rica. Lexique Stratigraphique International, International Geological Congress. Commission de stratigraphie, 225-306. Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.

Jung, Peter. 1995. Judaphos, a new genus of buccinid gastropod from the Neogene of Costa Rica. Veliger, v. 38(1), p. 43-46, figs. 1-7.

Kessinger, Walter Paul 1991, Three dimensional seismic imaging of the Costa Rica accretionary margin, MA, The University of Texas at Austin.

Kesel, R. H. and B. E. Spicer, 1985. Geomorphologic relationships and ages of soils on alluvial fans in the Rio General Valley, Costa Rica. Catena (Giessen) 12, 2-3: 149-66.

Kesel, Richard H., 1983. Quaternary history of the Rio General Valley, Costa Rica. National Geographic Society Research Reports 15: 339-58.

Lew, Lawrence 1983, Geology of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica: Observations and Speculations About the Evolution of Part of the Outer Arc of the South Central American Orogen. MS, Pennsylvania State University.

Lowery, Barbara J. 1982, Sedimentology and Tectonic Implications of the Middle to Upper Miocene Curre Formation, Southwestern Costa Rica. MS, Louisiana State University.

McKee, William Hugh 1985, Tertiary Foraminifera of Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica. MS, University of New Orleans.

Kolarsky, R. A., P. Mann, and W. Monter. 1995. Island arc response to shallow subduction of the Cocos Ridge, Costa Rica. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 235-62. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Kruckow, T., 1981. The Pliocene of Río Banano and the environs of Limón, Costa Rica. Federal Republic of Germany: Angewandte, Regionale und Historische Geologie.

Kruckow, T. and R. Simonsen, 1976. Arbeitsziele und erste Arbeitsergebnisse der geologischen Untersuchungen in Costa Rica (Mittelamerika). Neuere Ergebnissee der geologischen Erforschung Lateinamerikas, Editor H. Miller, 219-27. Federal Republic of Germany: Munster. Forsch. Geol. Paleontol.

Krushensky, R. D., 1972. Geology of the Istarú Quadrangle, Costa Rica. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1358: 46. Krushensky, Richard D., Enrique Malavassi V., and Rolando Castillo M., 1976. Geology of central Costa Rica and its implications in the geologic history of the region. Journal of Research of the United States Geological Survey 4, 2: 127-34.

Kuijpers, E. P., 1979. La geología del complejo ofiolítico de Nicoya, Costa Rica. San José: Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Informe Semestral Julio-Diciembre.

________, 1980. The geologic history of the Nicoya ophiolite complex, Costa Rica and its geotectonic significance. Tectonophysics 68: 233-55.

Kussmaul, S. and P. Sprechmann, 1982. Estratigrafía de Costa Rica (América Central); II, unidades litoestratigráficas igneas. Quinto Congreso Latinoamericano de Geología 1: 73-9. Argentina: Serv. Geol. Nacional.

Kuypers, E. P., 1979. Análisis sedimentológico de la Formación Punta Carballo (Mioceneo), Costa Rica. Costa Rica: Informe semestral, Instituto Geográfico Nacional a Diciembre.

Laguna, J. 1977. Geología y sedimentología de tres unidades Paleocenas cerca de Sámara, Península de Nicoya, Provincia de Guanacaste. B.S. thesis, Universidad de Costa Rica, Escuela Centroamericana de Geología.

Laguna-Morales, J. 1983. Hydrothermale Veraenderung und Verwitterungseffekte in Vulkaniten der Aguacate-Formation (Miozaen-Pliozaen), Costa Rica, Zentralamerika. Regionale Und Historische Geologie 1, no. 3-4: 223-33.

________, 1983. Zur Geochemie der Vulkanite der Aguacate-Foramtion; Miozaen bis Pliozaen von Costa Rica, Zentralamerika. Neues Jahrbuch fuer Mineralogie 148, 1: 34-49.

Lew, Laurence R. 1983. The geology of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica: observations and speculations about the evolution of part of the outer arc of the southern Central American orogen. dissertation, Pennsylvania State University.

Lundberg, Neil, 1982. Evolution of the slope landward of the Middle America Trench, Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. Trench-forearc Geology: Sedimentation and Tectonics of Modern and Ancient Active Plate Margins, Editor J. K. Leggett, 131-47. Oxford, England; Boston, MA: Blackwell Scientific Publishing.

Lucas, Spencer G. (New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Albuquerque, NM); Alvarado, Guillermo E. and Vega, Eduardo. The Pleistocene mammals of Costa Rica: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 17(2), p. 413-427 (Spanish sum.), illus. incl. strat. cols., 3 tables, sketch map, 73 ref., June 19, 1997.

MacDonald, Donald F., 1919. Informe final geologico y geografico de Costa Rica. Revista de Costa Rica: 28-148 .

________, 1919. Notes on the stratigraphy of Panama and Costa Rica. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists 3: 363-6.

Madrigal, R., 1970. Geología del mapa básico Barranca, Costa Rica. Dirección de Geología Minas y Petróleo, Informes Técnicos y Notas Geológicas . Note: , (mimeographed report).

________, 1976. Notas del Seminario de Geología de Costa Rica. Escuela Centroamericana de Geología. Note: , (unpublished report).

Malavassi, V. E. and R. Chaves, 1970. Estudio geológico regional de la zona Atlántica norte de Costa Rica. Dirección de Geología Minas y Petróleo, Informes Técnicos y Notas Geológicas . Note: , (mimeographed report).

Malavassi, V. E. and R. Madrigal, 1970. Reconocimiento Geológico de la zona Norte de Costa Rica. Dirección de Geología Minas y Petróleo, Informes Técnicos y Notas Geológicas . Note: , (mimeographed report).

Malavassi V., Enrique, 1961. Some Costa Rican larger foraminiferal localities. Journal of Paleontology 35, 3: 498-501.

________, 1962. Nota geológica preliminar sobre la región norte de Tilaran, entre LAguna Cote y cuevas de Venado. Costa Rica Dept. Geología Minas y Petróleo Informes 1, 12: 4.

________, 1975. Nota geopaleontologica preliminar sobre Valle del Rio Reventazon en su curso medio. Revista Geografica de America Central 2: 35-40.

McKee, William H. and Barun K. Sen Gupta, 1985. The Montezuma Formation of Costa Rica. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs: 659.

McKee, William Hugh, 1985. Tertiary foraminifera of Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University.

McNeill, Donald F., Ann F. Budd, Pamela F. Borne, and Anthony G. Coates. 1996. Episodic reef development in a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic system, Pliocene/Pleistocene of Costa Rica. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs, v. 28, n. 6, p. 97.

McPherson, C. B. 1980. A fossil fungal spore assemblage from the Punta Carballo Formation (Miocene), Barranca, Costa Rica. Master's, Kent State Univ.

Miyamura, Setumi, 1975. Recent crustal movements in Costa Rica disclosed by relevelling surveys. Tectonophysics 29: 191-8.

Montero, P. W. 1974. Estratigrafía del Cenozoico del área de Turrúcares, Provincia de Alajuela, Costa Rica. B.S. thesis, Universidad de Costa Rica, Escuela Centroamericana de Geología.

Mora Castro, Sergio, 1979. Proyecto hidroelectrico Boruca: informe de progreso no.5 fase de factibilidad. Costa Rica.

Morales, Luis Diego, 1985. Las zonas sismicas de Costa Rica y Alrededores. Revista Geolgica America Central 3: 69-101.

Nieuwenhuyse, A. (REPOSA, Guapiles, Costa Rica) and van Breemen, N. Quantitative aspects of weathering and neoformation in selected Costa Rican volcanic soils: Soil Science Society of America Journal, 61(5), p. 1450-1458, illus. incl. 4 tables, geol. sketch map, 38 ref., October 1997.

Obando Acuña, L. G., 1986. Estratigrafía de la Foramción Venado y rocas sobreyacentes (Mioceno-Reciente), Provincia de Alajuela, Costa Rica . Revista Geológica de América Central 5: 73-104.

Obando, Jorge A. 1994. The effect of moving oceanic features in a transporessional sliver in the outer fore arc of southern Costa Rica -eastern Panama. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs, v. 26, n. 7, p. A-251.

Obando, Luis Gmo., Giovanni Bottazzi, and Fernando Alvarado, 1991. Sedimentologia de Algunas facies de la Formacion Coris (Mioceno Medio, Mioceno Superior), Valle Central, Costa Rica, America Central. Revista Geologica de America Central 13: 67-71.

Obando Rodriguez, Jorge Arturo 1986, Sedimentoloía y Tectónica delCretácio y Paleógeno de la Región de Golfito, Península de Burica y Península de Osa, Provincia de Puntarenas, Costa Rica. Universidad de Costa Rica.

Olsson, Axel A., 1922. The Miocene of Northern Costa Rica; with notes on its general stratigraphic relations, part I. Bulletins of American Paleontology 9, 39: 1-168.

Palmer, Katherine Van Winkle, 1925. Foraminifera and a small molluscan fauna from Costa Rica. 1-20. Bulletins of American Paleontology. Ithaca, NY: Harris Co., Cornell University.

Petzet, G. Alan (Oil and Gas Journal, Tulsa, OK). Costa Rica awards blocks on Caribbean coast: Oil and Gas Journal, 96(28), p. 84-85, sketch map, July 13, 1998.

Phillips, Patti J. 1983, Stratigraphy, Sedimentology, and Petrologic Evolution of Tertiary Sediments in Southwestern Costa Rica. master's thesis, Louisiana State University.

Pinter, Nicholas, Thomas W. Gardner, and Rudy Slingerland, 1987. Late Quaternary uplift rates, Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs: 807.

Plafker, George and Steven N. Ward, 1992. Backarc thrust faulting and tectonic uplift along the Caribbean sea coast during the April 22, 1991 Costa Rica earthquake. Tectonics 11, 4: 709-18.

Ponce, D. A. and J. E. Case, A geophysical interpretation of Costa Rica; Interpretacion geofisica de Costa Rica. International Gold Conference; Conferencia Internacional del Oro.

Raymond, R.Jr. and others, 1985. Volcanic and sedimentary origins remain distinctive in clay-rich horizons of Costa Rican lignites and peats. The Geological Society of America, 98th annual Meeting 17, 7: 695.

Reagan, M. K. (University of Iowa, Department of Geology, Iowa City, IA) and Plank, T. A. Variations in niobium/tantalum ratios between calcalkaline and high-niobium basalts from Costa Rica; implications for the presence of rutile in arc magma sources [abstr.]: in Seventh annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (?), LPI Contribution, 921, p. 170-171, 1997.

Redfield, Arthur H., 1923. The petroleum possibilities of Costa Rica. Economic Geology 18, 3: 354-81.

Rivier, F., 1973. Contribucion estratigrafica sobre la geologia de la Cuenca de Limon, Zona de Turrialba, Costa Rica. Publicaciones Geologicas del ICAITI IV: 149-59.

________, 1979. Geología del área norte de los Cerros de Escazú, Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. San José: Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Informe Semestral Enero-Junio.

________, 1983. Sintesis geológica y mapa geológico del área del bajo Tempisque, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. San José: Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Informe Semestral Enero-Junio.

Robinson, David G. 1993. The zoogeographic implications of the prosobranch gastropods of the Moin Formation of Costa Rica. American Malacological Bulletin 10, no. 2: 251-5.

Romanes-Cambridge, J., 1919. Geologia de una parte de Costa Rica. Revista de Costa Rica: 123-5. Note: In middle of article by MacDonald.

Romanes, J., 1912. Geology of a part of Costa Rica. Geological Society of London Quarterly Journal 68: 103-39.

Sáenz, R.coordinator, 1982. Mapa Geológico de Costa Rica. San José: Instituto Geográfico Nacional. Note: , scale 1:200,000.

Sak, Peter B.; Fisher, Donald M.; Gardner, Thomas W.; Protti, Marino and Marshall, Jeffrey S. Recent landscape evolution and fault kinematics related to basement-exposed blocks, Pacific Coast, Costa Rica [abstr.]: in Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, 29(6), 1997. Meeting: Oct. 20-23, 1997, Salt Lake City, UT.

Sanchez, J. D. and others, 1985. Diatoms in coal; Miocene Venado Foramtion, Limon Basin, Costa Rica, Central America. The Geological Society of America, 98th annual Meeting 17, 7: 706.

Schmidt-Effing, R. and others, 1980. The ophiolites of southern Central America with special reference to the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. Transactions, 9th Caribbean Geological Conference 2: 423-9.

Schmidt-Effing, Reinhard, 1979. Alter und genese des Nicoya-Komplexes, einer ozeanischen Palaokruste (Oberjura bis Eozan) im sudlichen Zentralamerika. Sonderdruck aus der Geologischen Rundschau 68, 2: 457-94.

Sen Gupta, Barun K., Luis R. Malavassi, and Enrique Malavassi, 1986. Late Miocene shore in northern Costa Rica: benthic foraminiferal record. Geology 14: 218-20.

Seyfried, Hartmut, Peter Sprechmann, and Teresita Aguilar, 1985. Sedimentologia y paleoecologia de un estuario del litoral Pacifico del istmo centroamericano primordial (Mioceno Medio, Costa Rica). Revista Geologica de America Central 3: 1-68.

Sheehan, Cynthia A., Glen T. Penfield, and Emilia Morales, 1990. Costa Rica geologic basins lure wildcatters. Oil and Gas Journal 88: 73-9.

Shipley, T. H. and G. F. Moore, 1986. Sediment accretion, subduction, and dewatering at the base of the trench slope off Costa Rica; Seismic reflection view of the décollement. Journal of Geophysical Research 91: 2019-28.

Silver, Eli. Complete sediment subduction and implications of fluid flow in the Middle America trench off Costa Rica: JOIDES Journal, 23(2), p. 1-3, 7 ref., 1997.

Sinton, Christopher W. (Oregon State University, College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Science, Corvallis, OR); Duncan, Robert A. and Denyer, Percy. Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica; a single suite of Caribbean oceanic plateau magmas: Journal of Geophysical Research, B, Solid Earth and Planets, 102(7), p. 15,507-15,520, illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map, 50 ref., July 10, 1997.

Sprechmann, Peter, 1984. Manual de Geologia de Costa Rica; volumen 1: estratigrafia. San Jose, Costa Rica: Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica.

Tajima, F. and M. Kikuchi. 1995. Tectonic implications of the seismic ruptures associated with the 1983 and 1991 Costa Rica Earthquakes. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 327-40. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America. reprint in Collins library.

Taylor, Gilbert D., 1973. Preliminary report on the stratigraphy of Limon, Costa Rica. Publicaciones Geologicas del ICAITI IV: 161-5.

________. 1975. The geology of the Limon area of Costa Rica. dissertation, Louisiana State University.

Tournon, Jean 1984, Magmatismes du Mesozoique a LÕActuel en Amerique: LÕExample de Costa Rica, des Ophiolites Aux Andesites. Universit* Pierre et Marie Curie.

Van Dam, D. (Department Of Soil Science And Geology, Wageningen Agricultural University, P. O. Box 37, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands); Veldkamp, E. and Van Breemen, N. Soil organic carbon dynamics; variability with depth in forested and deforested soils under pasture in Costa Rica: Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht), 39(3), p. 343-375, 8 tables, 2 p.1/2 ref., 1997.

Van den Bold, W. A., 1967. Miocene Ostracoda from Costa Rica. Micropaleontology 13, 1: 75-86.

Veldkamp, Edzo (U. S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico); Keller, Michael and Nunez, Marvin. Effects of pasture management on N2O and NO emissions from soils in the humid tropics of Costa Rica: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 12(1), p. 71-79, illus. incl. 5 tables, 28 ref., March 1998.

von Huene, R. and others. 1995. Morphotectonics of the Pacific Convergent Margin of Costa Rica. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 291-307. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Wildberg, Heiko G.H. 1983, Magmatite des Nicoya-Komplexes, Costa Rica, Zentralamerika. Westfalischen Wilhelms-Universitat zu Munster.

Weiland, T. J. 1984. The petrology, chemistry and evolution of the Aguacate Formation, Tilaran Cordillera and Aguacate Mountains, Costa Rica, Central America. Master's, Univ. of North Carolina.

Weyl, R., 1957. Contribución a la Geología de la Cordillera de Talamanca de Costa Rica, Centro América. San José: Instituto Geográfico de Costa Rica.

Williams, H., 1952. Volcanic history of the Meseta Central occidental Costa Rica. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences. Berkeley and Los Angeles.

Winslow, Margaret A., Luis A. Vega, and Rolando C. Hall. 1988. Tectonic evolution of an actively deforming back-arc basin: the Limon basin of Costa Rica. Transactions of the 11th Caribbean Geological Conference Barbados, 1-17.

Woodring, W. P. and Enrique Malavassi V., 1961. Miocene foraminifera, mollusks, and a barnacle from the Valle Central, Costa Rica. Journal of Paleontology 35, 3: 489-97.

Ye, S., Bialas, J., Flueh, E. R., Stavenhagen, A., von Huene, R., Leandro, G., and Hinz, K., 1996, Crustal structure of the Middle American Trench off Costa Rica from wide-angle seismic data: Tectonics, v. 15, no. 5, p. 1006-1021.

Yuan, Peter B. 1984. Stratigraphy, sedimentology, and geologic evolution of eastern Terraba Trough, southwestern Costa Rica. dissertation, Louisiana State University.

return to top

Panama

Adamek, Scott Harper 1986, Earthquake Studies in the Panama-Costa Rica Region. MA, The University of Texas at Austin.

Adamek, Scott, Cliff Frolich, and Wayne D. Pennington, 1988. Seismicity of the Caribbean-Nazca Boundary: constraints on microplate tectonics of the Panama region. Journal of Geophysical Research 93, B3: 2053-75.

Andrews, Eileen, 1987. Cenozoic history of northwestern Colombia and eastern Panama: first year progress report.

Anonymous, Mapa geológico del Panamá. 1976. Panama City: Instituto Geográfico Nacional "Tommy Guardia". Note: , scale 1:250,000.

Atlantic-Pacific Interoceanic Canal Study Commission, 1967. Engineering feasibility studies: interim geologic report number 1, Route 25. Panama: Office Interoceanic Canal Studies.

Bandy, O. L., 1970. Upper Cretaceous-Cenozoic paleobathymetric cycles, eastern Panama and northern Colombia. Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions 20: 181-93.

Bandy, O. L. and R. E. Casey, 1973. Reflector horizons and paleobathymetric history, eastern Panama. Geological Society of America Bulletin 84: 3081-6.

Blacut, Gustavo and R. M. Kleinpell, 1969. A stratigraphic sequence of benthonic smaller foraminifera from the La Boca formation, Panama Canal Zone. Contributions from the Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research 20, 1: 1-22.

Breen, N. A. and others, 1988. Mud-cored parallel folds and possible melange development in the North Panama thrust belt. Geology 16: 207-10.

Briceno-Guarupe, Luis Alberto. 1978. The crustal structure and tectonic framework of the Gulf of Panama. master's thesis, Oregon State University.

Brown, Amos P. and Henry A. Pilsbry, 1912. Fauna of the Gatun Formation, Isthmus of Panama--II. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia: 500-3.

________, 1913. Two collections of Pleistocene fossils from the Isthmus of Panama. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 65, 2: 493-500.

Cairns, Stephen D. 1995. New records of azooxanthellate stony corals (Cnidaria: Scleractinia and Stylasteridae) from the Neogene of Panama and Costa Rica. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 108, no. 3: 533-50.

Canu, F. and R. S. Bassler, 1918. Bryozoa of the [Panama] Canal Zone and related areas. US Nat. Mus B, 103: 117-22.

Case, J. E., 1974. Oceanic crust forms basement of Eastern Panama. Geological Society of America Bulletin 85: 645-52.

Case, J. E. and others, 1971. Tectonic investigations in western Colombia and eastern Panama. Geological Society of America Bulletin 82: 2685-712.

Cohen, A. D. and others. 1990. The Changuinola peat deposit of northwestern Panama: a tropical, domed, back-barrier coal-forming environmnet. International Journal of Coal Geology 16: 139-42.

Cole, W. S., 1949. Upper Eocene larger foraminifera from the Panama Canal Zone. Journal of Paleontology 23, 3: 267-75.

Cole, W. S., 1952. Eocene and Oligocene larger foraminifera from Panama. J. of Paleontology 27: 332-7.

Cole, W. Storrs, 1952. Eocene and Oligocene larger foraminifera from the Panama Canal Zone and vicinity. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 244: 1-41.

Cole, W. Storrs, 1953. Some late Oligocene larger foraminifera from Panama. Journal of Paleontology 27, 3: 332-7.

Cole, W. Storrs, 1957. Late Oligocene larger foraminifera from Barro Colorado Island, Panama Canal Zone. Bulletins of American Paleontology 37, 163: 313-38.

Collins, Laurel S. 1990. Pliocene benthic foraminifera of Caribbean Panama: implications for the closure of the Isthmus. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs, v. 22, n. 7, p. A199.

________, 1993. Neogene paleoenvironments of the Bocas del Toro Basin, Panama. Journal of Paleontology 67, 5: 699-710.

Collins, Laurel S., and Anthony G. Coates, 1992. Timing and rates of emergence of the northwestern Panama microplate: Caribbean effects of Cocos Ridge subduction? GSA Abstracts with Programs 24, 7: A64.

________, 1993. Marine paleobiogeography of Caribbean Panama: last Pacific influences before closure of the Tropical American Seaway. GSA Abstracts with Programs 25, 6: A428.

Collins, Laurel S., Anthony G. Coates, William A. Berggren, Marie-Pierre Aubry, and Jijun Zhang, 1996. The late Miocene Panama isthmian strait. Geology 24, 8: 687-90

Collins, L. S., Anthony G. Coates, Jeremy B.C. Jackson, and Jorge A. Obando. 1995. Timing and rates of emergence of the Limon and Bocas del Toro Basins: Caribbean effects of Cocos Ridge subduction? Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, Geological Society of America Special Paper 295: 263-89. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Collins, Laurel S., Dana H. Geary, and K.C Lohmann. 1995. A test of the prediction of decreased Caribbean coastal upwelling caused by emergence of the Isthmus of Panama, using stable isotopes of neritic foraminifera. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs, v. 27, n. 6, p. A-156.

Collins, Laurel S., Dana H. Geary, Erin Wilson, and K. C Lohmann. 1994. Statistical tests of environmental variability in neritic waters of Caribbean Panama, as recorded by stable isotopes of foraminifera. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs, v. 26, n. 7, p. A-228

Camacho, E. (NORSAR, The Research Council of Norway, P.O. Box 51, N-2007, Kjeller, Norway); Lindholm, C.; Dahle, A. and Bungum,. Seismic hazard assessment in Panama4: Engineering Geology, 48(1-2), p. 1-6, November 1997.

Cooke, C. W., 1948. Eocene echinoids from Panama. Journal of Paleontology 22: 91-3

Corrigan, Jeffrey Delon 1986, Geology of the Burica Peninsula, Panama-Costa Rica: Neotectonic Implications for the Southern Middle America Convergent Margin. MA, The University of Texas at Austin.

Corrigan, Jeffrey D., Paul Mann, and James C. IngleJr, 1990. Forearc response to subduction of the Cocos Ridge, Panama-Costa Rica. Geological Society of America Bulletin 102: 628-52.

Coryell, H. N. and John R. Embich, 1937. The Tranquilla Shale (Upper Eocene) of Panama and its foraminiferal fauna. Journal of Paleontology 11, 4: 289-305.

Coryell, H. N. and R. W. Mossman, 1942. Foraminifera from the Charco Azul formation, Pliocene, of Panama. Journal of Paleontology 16, 2: 233-46.

Cotton, Mathew A. and Harry J. Dowsett, 1991. Quantitative environmental estimates from the Pliocene of the western Caribbean based on analyses of planktic foraminifers from Panama. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs: 336

Cuffey, Roger J. (Pennsylvania State University, Department of Geosciences, University Park, PA) and Johnson, Markes E. Bryozoan nodules built around andesite clasts from the upper Pliocene of Baja California; paleoecological implications and closure of the Panama Isthmus: in Pliocene carbonates and related facies flanking the Gulf of California, Baja California, Mexico (Johnson, Markes E., editor; et al.), Special Paper - Geological Society of America, 318, p. 111-117, 26 ref., 1997.

Cushman, Joseph A., 1904. Pleistocene foraminifera from Panama. American Geologist 33: 265-6.

________, 1918. The larger fossil foraminifera of the Panama Canal Zone. United States National Museum Bulletin 103: 89-102.

________, 1918. The smaller fossil foraminifera of the Panama Canal Zone. Smithsonian Institution United States National Museum Bulletin 103: 45-87.

De Boer, J. Z. and others, 1988. Quaternary calc-alkaline volcanism in western Panama: regional variation and implication for the plate tectonic framework. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 1, 3: 275-93.

del Giudice, D., 1978. Características Geológicas de la República de Panamá. Instituto de Geología Boletín . Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

del Giudice, D. and G. Recchi, 1969. Mapa Geológico del Proyecto Minero de Azuero. Administración de Recursos Minerales, Naciones Unidas, Programa para el Desarrollo. Note: , scale 1:250,000.

Eberli, Gregor P. (Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL); Swart, Peter K.; Malone, Mitchell J.; Anselmetti, Flavio S.; Arai, Kohsaku; Bernet, Karin H.; Betzler, Christian; Christensen, Beth A.; De Carlo, Eric; Dejardin, Pascale M.; Emmanuel, Laurent; Frank, Tracy D.; Haddad, Geoffrey A.; Isern, Alexandra R.; Katz, Miriam E.; Kenter, Jeroen A. M.; Kramer, Philip A.; Kroon, Dick; McKenzie, Judith A.; McNeill, Donald F.; Montgomery, Paul; Nagihara, Seiichi; Pirmez, Carlos; Reijmer, John J. G.; Sato, Tokiyuki; Schovsbo, Niels H.; Williams, Trevor; Wright, James D. and Marin, Jennifer A., editor. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, initial reports; Bahamas Transect, covering Leg 166 of the cruises of the Drilling Vessel JOIDES Resolution, San Juan, Puerto Rico, to Balboa Harbor, Panama, sites 1003-1009, 17 February-10 April 1996: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports, 166, 846 p., July 1997. Individual papers are cited separately.

Fisher, Stanley P. and Emile A. PessagnoJr, 1965. Upper Cretaceous strata of northwestern Panama. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists 49, 4: 433-44.

Golik, A., 1966. Foraminiferal ecology and Holocene history, Gulf of Panama [abs.]. Dissert. Abs. Sec. B, Sci. and Eng. 27, 1: 246B.

________, 1968. History of Holocene transgression in the Gulf of Panama. J. of Geology 76, 5: 497-507.

Golik, A. and F. B. Phleger, 1977. Benthonic foraminifera from the Gulf of Panama. J. of Foraminiferal Research 7: 83-99.

Graham, A., 1987. Fossil pollen of Sabicea (Rubiaceae) from the Lower Miocene Culebra Formation of Panama. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 74: 868-70.

________, 1988. Studies in neotropical paleobotany. VI. The Lower Miocene communities of Panama: the Cucaracha Formation. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: 1467-79.

________, 1991. Studies in neotropical paleobotany. IX. The Pliocene communities of Panama: angiosperms (dicots). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 78: 201-23.

________, 1991. Studies in neotropical paleobotany. VIII. The Pliocene communities of Panama: introduction and ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms (monocots). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 78: 190-200.

________, 1991. Studies in neotropical paleobotany. X. The Pliocene communities of Panama: composition, numerical representations, and paleocommunity paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 78: 465-75

Graham, Alan, R. H. Stewart, and J. L. Stewart, 1985. Studies in neotropical paleobotany. III. The Tertiary communities of Panama: geology of the pollen-bearing deposits. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 72: 485-503.

Haug, Gerald H. (Universitaet Kiel, GEOMAR, Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany) and Tiedermann, Ralf. Effect of the formation of the Isthmus of Panama on Atlantic Ocean thermohaline circulation: Nature (London), 393(6686), p. 673-676, illus., 34 ref., June 18, 1998.

Havach, Suzanne M. 1996. The distribution of Recent benthic foraminifera from Bocas del Toro, Panama. University of Michigan. Bachelor's Honors Senior Thesis.

Havach, Suzanne M. and Laurel S. Collins, 1997. The distribution of Recent benthic foraminifera across habitats of Bocas del Toro, Caribbean Panama. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 27, 3: 232-49.

Hayes, C. W., 1899. Physiography and geology of region adjacent to the Nicaragua canal route. Geological Society of America Bulletin 10: 285-448.

Hershey, O. H., 1901. The geology of the central portion of the isthmus of Panama. University of California Department of Geology Bulletin, no. 8.

Hill, Robert T., 1898. The geological history of the Isthmus of Panama and portions of Costa Rica. Based upon a reconnoissance made for Alexander Agassiz. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 28, 5: 151-285.

Howe, E., 1907. Geology of the Panama Canal. Economic Geology 2, 7: 639-58.

Isthmian Canal Studies, 1947. Geologic explorations: Caledonia Bay route 10 geology and topographyIsthmian Canal Studies Memorandum. Balboa Heights, Canal Zone: Department of Operation and Maintenance.

MacKay, Mary Elizabeth 1988,Accretionary Response to Trench Sediment Variation along the South Panama Margin. MS, University of Tulsa.

Keigwin, L. D., 1976. Late Cenozoic paleoceanography of the Panama Basin. Eos (Am. Geophys. Union, Trans. 57, 4: 259.

Keigwin, L. D., 1976. Late Cenozoic planktonic foraminferal biostratigraphy and paleoceanography of the Panama Basin. Micropaleontology 22, 4: 419-42.

Keigwin, L. D., 1978. Late Cenozoic isotope stratigraphy of DSDP Site 157 (Panama Basin); onset of Northern Hemisphere galciation. Eos (Am. Geophys. Union, Trans. 59, 4: 296-7.

________, 1978. Pliocene closing of the Isthmus of Panama, based on biostratigraphic evidence from nearby Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea cores. Geology 6: 630-4.

________, 1982. Isotopic paleoceanography of the Caribbean and East Pacific: role of Panama uplift in Late Neogene time. Science 217: 350-3

Kesler, S. E. and others, 1977. Evolution of porphyry copper mineralization in an oceanic island arc; Panama. Economic Geology 72: 1142-53.

Kolarsky, R. A. and Mann P. 1995. Structure and neotectonics of an oblique-subduction margin, southwestern Panama. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 131-57. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Kolarsky, R. A. and P. Mann. 1995. Appendix 1: Summary of Paleontologic sampling and results to accompany "Stratigraphic development of southwestern Panama as determined from integration of marine seismic data and onshore geology". Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 188. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Kolarsky, R. A., P. Mann, and S. Monechi. 1995. Stratigraphic development of southwestern Panama as determined from integration of marine seismic data and onshore geology. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 159-88. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Krieger, L. P. 1977. Palynology of the Miocene Gatun formation, Panama. Master's thesis, Kent State University.

Lampaya, J. A. (Union Esp. Explos., Madrid, Spain). El canal de panama: Canteras y Explotaciones, 362, p. 64-70, 8 plates, 1997.

Lonsdale, Peter and Kim D. Klitgord, 1978. Structure and tectonic history of the eastern Panama Basin. Geological Society of America Bulletin 89: 981-99.

Lowrie, Allen, 1978. Buried trench south of the Gulf of Panama. Geology 6: 434-6.

Lowrie, Allen and others, 1979. Fossil spreading center and faults within the Panama fracture zone. Marine Geophysical Researches 4: 153-66.

MacDonald, D. F., 1918. Contributions to the geology and paleontology of the Panama Canal Zone and geologically related areas in the West Indies. U.S. National Museum Bulletin 103: 525-45.

________, 1919. The sedimentary formations of the Panama Canal Zone, with special reference to the stratigraphic relations of the fossiliferous beds. Contributions to the Geology and Paleontology of the Canal Zone, Panama, and Geologically Related Areas in Central America and the West Indies: 521-45. United States National Museum Bulletin. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

MacDonald, Harold C., 1969. Geologic evaluation of radar imagery from Darien Province, PanamaCRES Technical Reports.

MacKay, Mary E. and Gregory F. Moore, 1990. Variation in deformation of the south Panama accretionary prism: responses to oblique subduction and trench sediment variation. Tectonics 9, 4: 683-98.

Mann, P. and R. A. Kolarsky. 1995. East Panama deformed belt: Structure, age, and neotectonic significance. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 111-30. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Mann, Paul and Jeff Corrigan, 1990. Model for late Neogene deformation in Panama. Geology 18: 558-62.

Maury, R. C. and others. 1995. Early Tertiary arc volcanics from eastern Panama. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, 29-34. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

McDougall, Krisitin. 1996. Benthic foraminiferal response to the emergence of the Isthmus of Panama and coincident paleoceanographic changes. Marine Micropaleontology 28: 133-69

Minato, H. and Ogushi, N. Mineral assembly on zeolite minerals at southern area of David-city, Chiriqui, Panama [abstr.]: in The annual meeting of the Mineralogical Society of Japan 1997 (?), Mineralogical Journal, 20(1), p. 28, January 1998. Meeting: Annual meeting of the Mineralogical Society of Japan 1997, Sept. 28-30, 1997, Japan.

Moore, G. F. and K. L. Sender. 1995. Fracture zone collision along the south Panama margin. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 201-12. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Murdock, Trevor Q. (University of Victoria, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Victoria, BC, Canada); Weaver, Andrew J. and Fanning, Augustus F. Paleoclimatic response of the closing of the Isthmus of Panama in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model: Geophysical Research Letters, 24(3), p. 253-256, illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map, 25 ref., February 1, 1997.

Ninkovich, D. and N. J. Shackleton, 1975. Distribution, stratigraphic position and age of ash layer "L", in the Panama Basin region. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 27, 1: 20-34.

Office of Interoceanic Canal Studies, 1966. Preliminary geologic report Route 17Engineering Feasibility Studies: Atlantic-Pacific Interoceanic Canal . Panama: Office Interoceanic Canal Studies.

Okaya, David A. and Zvi Ben-Avraham, 1987. Structure of the continental margin of southwestern Panama. Geological Society of America Bulletin 99: 792-802.

Olsson, Axel A., 1942. Tertiary and Quaternary fossils from the Burica Peninsula of Panama and Costa Rica. Bulletins of American Paleontology 27, 106: 157-259.

________, 1972. Origin of the existing Panamic molluscan biotas in terms of their geologic history and their separation by the isthmian land barrier. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 2: 117-23.

Panama Canal Company, 1966. Bibliography of geology and paleontology of Panama and northwestern Colombia, including the adjacent Caribbean and eastern Pacific areas. Balboa Heights, Canal Zone: Panama Canal Company.

Pennington, Wayne D., 1981. Subduction of the eastern Panama Basin and seismotectonics of northwestern South America. Journal of Geophysical Research 86, B11: 10753-70.

Pisias, N. G. 1974. Model of late Pleistocene-Holocene variations in rate of sediment accumulation; Panama Basin, eastern equatorial Pacific. Master's thesis.

Reed, D. L. and E. A. Silver. 1995. Sediment dispersal and accretionary growth of the North Panama deformed belt. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 213-24. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Reed, D. L. and others. February 1990. Relations between mud volcanoes, thrust deformation, slope sedimentation, and gas hydrate, offshore north Panama. Marine and Petroleum Geology 7: 44-54.

Restropo, Juan F. 1987, Geochemical Investigation of Pleistocene to Recent Calc-Alkaline Volcanism in Western Panama. MS, University of South Florida.

Riva Palacio, R. C. (Comission Federal de Electricidad, Subgerencia de Anteproyectos Hidroelectrios, Mexico City, Mexico) and Hernandez Lopez, E. V. Geology and tectonics of West Panama and their relation with the design of a hydroelectrical project [abstr.]: in 3rd North American Rock machanics symposium; proceedings (Orozco, Jorge, editor; et al.), International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 35(4-5), p. 643, 1 ref., July 1998. Print, CD-ROM (Special issue). Meeting: 3rd North American rock mechanics symposium, June 3-5, 1998, Cancun, Mexico.

Sare, Vickey P. (Colorado School of Mines, Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Golden, CO) and Humphrey, John D. Carbonate ramp sands of the San Blas Islands, Panama, and the effects of meteoric diagenesis [abstr.]: in American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1997 annual convention, Annual Meeting Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, 6, p. 101-102, 1997. Meeting: April 6-9, 1997, Dallas, TX.

Sawyer, J. A., 1970. A geological reconnaissance report: inner Gulf of Panama and adjacent mainland. Panama: Esso Exploration and Production, Panama, Inc.

________, 1970. Annual technical report corresponding to the second year of exploration conforming to contract No.59, Darien Basin, October 1969-September 1970. Panama: Esso Exploration and Production, Panama, Inc.

________, 1971. Annual technical report corresponding to the third year of exploration conforming to contract No.59, Darien Basin, October 1970-March 1971. Panama: Esso Exploration and Production, Panama, Inc.

________, 1971. Final report on the exploration results related to the concession under contract No.59, Darien Basin, Republic of Panama. Panama: Esso Exploration and Production, Panama, Inc.

Shelton, Bert J.V. 1952. Geology and petroleum prospects of Darien, southeastern Panama. dissertation, Oregon State University.

Silver, E. A., J. Galewsky, and K. D. McIntosh. 1995. Variation in structure, style and driving mechanism of adjoining segments of the North Panama Deformed Belt. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 225-34. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Silver, Eli A. and others, 1990. Implications of the north and south Panama thrust belts for the origin of the Panama orocline. Tectonics 9, 2: 261-81.

Smayda, T. J., 1965. A quantitative analysis of the phytoplankton of the Gulf of Panama II. On the relationship between the 14 C assimilation and the diatom standing crop. Bull. Inter-Amer. Trop. Tuna Comm. 9, 7: 466-531.

________, 1966. A quantitative analysis of the phytoplankton of the Gulf of Panama III. General ecological conditions. Bull. Inter-Amer. Trop. Tuna Comm. 2, 5: 354-583.

Stanley, Steven M. (Johns Hopkins University, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Baltimore, MD). The isthmus of Panama, the conveyor belt, and the cause of the modern ice age in the Northern Hemisphere [abstr.]: in AGU 1997 spring meeting, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 79(17, SUPPL.), p. 178, April 29, 1997. Meeting: May 27-30, 1997, Baltimore, MD.

Stewart, R. H., J. L. Stewart, and W. P. Woodring, 1980. Geologic map of the Panama Canal and vicinity, Republic of Panama. U.S. Geological Survey, Misc. Investigations ser. Map I-1232.

Stewart, Robert H., 1966. The Rio Bayano Basin, a geological report. Balboa Heights, Canal Zone: Panama Canal Company.

Storrs Cole, W. 1953. Some late Oligocene larger foraminifera from Panama. Journal of Paleontology 27, no. 3: 332-7.

Sverdlove, M. 1983. Planktonic foraminifera ecology of the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean; including a paleoceanographic reconstruction of the Panama Basin for the last 320,000 years. Doctoral thesis, Univ. of Cincinnati.

Sverdlove, M., M. Briskin, and P. Thompson, 1981. Planktonic foraminifera ecology, paleoceanography-paleoclimatic reconstruction of the eastern equatorial Pacific and Panama Basin; the last 320,000 years. The Geological Society of America, 94 th Annual Meeting 13, 7: 563.

Tagudin, Jill Ellen. 1988. A correlation between fault vergence, fault spacing and sediment type in the north Panama thrust belt. master's thesis, University of California at Santa Cruz .

Terry, R. A., 1941. Notes on submarine valleys off the Panama coast. Geographic Review 31, 5: 377-84.

Terry, Robert A., 1956. A geological reconnaissance of Panama. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences.

Van Andel, Tjeerd H. and others, 1971. Tectonics of the Panama Basin, eastern equatorial Pacific. Geological Society of America Bulletin 82: 1489-508.

Van den Bold, W. A., 1967. Ostracoda of the Gatun Formation, Panama. Micropaleontology 13, 3: 306-18.

Vaughan, T. W., 1926. The stratigraphic horizon of the beds containing Lepidocyclina Chaperi on Haut Chagres, Panama. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, no. 8 12: 519-22.

Vergara Munoz, A., 1988. Tectonic patterns of the Panama Block deduced from seismicity, gravitational data and earthquake mechanisms: implications to the seismic hazard. Tectonophysics 154: 253-67.

Vitali, C. and others, 1985. Panamanian and Colombian deformed belts: an integrated study using Gloria and Seabeam transits and seismic profiles. Geodynamique des Caraibes, Editor A. Mascle, 451-61. Paris: editions Technip.

Vokes, Emily H., 1983. Additions to the Typhinae (Gastropoda: Muricidae) of the Gatun Formation, Panama. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 17: 123-30.

Wing, Richard S. and Harold C. MacDonald, 1973. Radar geology: petroleum exploration technique, eastern Panama and northwestern Columbia. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 57, 5: 825-40.

Woodring, W. P., 1957. Geology and paleontology of Canal Zone and adjoining parts of Panama, description of Tertiary mollusks (Gastropoda: Trochidae to Turritellidae). U.S. Geological Survey Prof. Paper 306-A: 145p., 23pl.

________, 1958. Geology of Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 135, 3: 1-39.

________, 1959. Geology and paleontology of Canal Zone and adjoining parts of Panama, description of Tertiary mollusks (gastropods: Vermetidae to Thaididae). U.S. Geological Survey Prof. Paper 306-B: 147-54.

________, 1964. Geology and paleontology of Canal Zone and adjoining parts of Panama, description of Tertiary mollusks (gastropods: Columbellidae to Volutidae). U.S. Geological Survey Prof. Paper 306-C: 241-6.

________, 1970. Geology and paleontology of Canal Zone and adjoining parts of Panama, description of Tertiary mollusks (Gastropoda: Eulimidae, Marginellidae to Helminthoglyptidae). U.S. Geological Survey Prof. Paper 306-D: 299-326 (incomplete).

________, 1973. Geology and paleontology of Canal Zone and adjoining parts of Panama, description of Tertiary mollusks (additions to gastropods, scaphopods, pelecypods: Nuculidae to Malleidae). U.S. Geological Survey Prof. Paper 306-E: 453-65

________, 1982. Geology and paleontology of Canal Zone and adjoining parts of Panama. Description of Tertiary mollusks (Pelecypods: Propeamussiidae to Cuspidariidae; additions to families covered in P306-E; additions to gastropods, cephalopods). U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 306-F: 542-845.

Woodring, W. P. and T. F. Thompson, 1949. Tertiary formations of Panama Canal Zone and adjoining parts of Panama. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists 33, 2: 223-47.

Yang, Yong-Liang and others. 1995. Geochemical record of the Panama basin during the last glacial maximum carbon event shows that the glacial ocean was not suboxic. Geology 23, no. 12: 1115-8.

Zeilinga de Boer, Jelle and others, 1991. Evidence for active subduction below western Panama. Geology 19: 649-52.

Zenker, Cynthia Elaine. 1986. The emergence of the Isthmus of Panama in the late Neogene and associated paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic changes: evidence from quantitative analyses and depth stratification of planktonic foraminifera from DSDP Site 503A (Pacific Ocean) and DSDP Site 502A (Caribbean Sea). Master's thesis, University of California at Santa Cruz.

return to top

Central America Region

1984. The Caribbean-South American plate boundary and regional tectonics, Editors William E. Bononi, Robert B. Hargraves, and Reginald Shagam,Geological Society of America Memoir. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Adamek, S., Tajima, F., and Wiens, D. A., 1987, Seismic rupture associated with subduction of the Cocos Ridge: Tectonics, v. 6, p. 757-774.

Aggarwal, Y., 1983a. Present-day boundary and motion of the Caribbean Plate relative to South America [abs]. 10th Caribbean Geological Conference: 16. Program and Abstracts of Papers.

________, 1983b. A new model for the present-day and Pliocene tectonics of the southern Caribbean [abs]. EOS Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 64: 831

Anderson, Thomas H. and Victor A. Schmidt, 1983. The evolution of Middle America and the Gulf of Mexico - Caribbean Sea region during Mesozoic time. Geological Society of America Bulletin 94: 941-66.

Aubouin, J. and others, 1982. The Middle America trench in the geological framework of Central America. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office.

Aubouin, J., R. E. von Huene, and others, 1982. Leg 84 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project; Subduction without accretion; Middle America Trench off Guatemala. Nature 297: 458-60.

Banks, N. G. and M. L. Richards, 1969. Structure and bathymetry of western end of Bartlett Trough, Caribbean Sea. Tectonic relations of northern Central America and the western Caribbean; The Bonacca Expedition, Editor A. R. McBirney, 258-68. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir.

Bemis, B. E. and D. H. Geary, 1991. Environmental variations in the Gulf of Panama and Caribbean Sea as recorded in the stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of venerid bivalves. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs 23: A336.

Bentley, Laurence R. 1974, Crustal Structure of the Carnegie Ridge, Panama Basin and Cocos Ridge. MS, University of Hawaii.

Bishop, W. F., 1980 , Petroleum geology of northern Central America: Journal of Petroleum Geology, v. 3 , p. 3-59.

Bohnenberger, O. H., and Dengo, G., 1978, Coal resources in Central America, in Kottlowski, F. E., Cross, A. T., and Meyerhoff, A. A., eds., Coal Resources of the Americas, Selected Papers, Geological Society of America Special Paper, p. 65-72.

Bornmalm, Lennart (University of Goteborg, Department of Marine Geology, Goteborg, Sweden). Taxonomy and paleoecology of late Neogene benthic foraminifera from the Caribbean Sea and eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean: Fossils and Strata, 41, 96 p., illus. incl. 10 tables, sketch map, 458 ref., February 15, 1997. ISBN: 82-00-37666-4.

Bradbury, J. Platt (U. S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO). Sources of glacial moisture in Mesoamerica: in Climate change, Mexico; First international conference on climatic change in Mexico (Urrutia-Fucugauchi, J., editor; et al.), Quaternary International, 43-44, p. 97-110, illus. incl. charts, 28 ref., 1997. Meeting: First international conference on Climatic change in Mexico, 1993, Taxco, Mexico. diatoms.

Bralower, T. and 7 others, 1997, High resolution records of the late Plaeocene thermal maximum and circum-Caribbean volcanism: is ther a causal link? Geology v. 25 (11). p.. 963-966.

Brugmann, G. E. (Max-Planck-Institut fuer Chemie, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany) and Hauff, F. Os isotope composition of picrites and basalts from Costa Rica; age and source characteristics of the Caribbean Large Igneous Province [abstr.]: in AGU 1997 fall meeting, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 78(46, SUPPL.), p. 838, November 18, 1997. Meeting: Dec. 8-12, 1997, San Francisco, CA.

Bullard, E. C., J. E. Everett, and A. G. Smith, 1983. Neogene North-American-Caribbean plate boundary across northern Central America; Offset along the Polochic fault. Tectonophysics 99: 251-70.

Burbach, G. V., Frohlich, C., Pennington, W. D., and Matumoto, T., 1984, Seismicity and tectonics of the subducted Cocos plate: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 89, p. 7719-7735.

Burkart, B., 1983. Neogene North America-Caribbean plate boundary across northern Central America; Offset along the Polochic fault. Tectonophysics 99: 251-70.

Burkart, B., Deaton, B. C., Dengo, C. A., and Wolff, J. A., 1986, Late Cretaceous island arc terrane in northern Central America: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 18, p. 553.

Burkart, B. and S. Self, 1985. Extension and rotation of crustal blocks in northern Central America and effect on the volcanic arc. Geology 13: 22-6.

Burke, K., 1988, Tectonic evolution of the Caribbean: Annual Reviews of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 16, p. 201-230.

Burke, K., Cooper, C., Dewey, J. F., Mann, P., and Pindell, J. L., 1984, Caribbean tectonics and relative plate motions, in Bonini, W. E., Hargraves, R. B., and Shagam, R., eds., The Caribbean-South American Plate Boundary and Regional Tectonics: Memoir, Geological Society of America, p. 31-63.

Burke, K., Fox, P. J., and Sengor, A. M. C., 1978, Buoyant ocean floor and the evolution of the Caribbean: J. Geophys. Res., v. 83, p. 3949-3954.

Burton, K. W., H-F. Ling, and R. K. O'Nions, 1997. Closure of the central American isthmus and its effect on deep-water formation in the North Atlantic. Nature 386: 382-5.

Bourgois, Jacques and others, 1982. Ages et structures des complexes basiques et ultrabasiques de la facade pacifique entre 3°N et 12°N (Colombie, Panama et Costa-Rica). Bulletin Societe Geologique de France XXIV, 3: 545-54

Bouysse, P., 1988, Opening of the Grenada back-arc basin and evolution of the Caribbean plate during the Mesozoic and early Paleogene: Tectonophysics, v. 149, p. 121-143

Carr, M. J., 1976. Underthrusting and Quaternary faulting in northern Central America. Geological Society of America Bulletin 87: 825-9.

Carr, M. J., Rose, W. I., and Mayfield, D. G., 1979, Potassium content of lavas and depth to the seismic zone in Central America: J. Volcan. Geotherm. Res., v. 5, p. 387-401.

Carr, M. J., and Stoiber, R. E., 1974, Intermediate deep focus earthquakes and volcanic eruptions in Central America, 1961-1972: Bull. Volcanol., v. 37, p. 326-337.

Case, J. E. and Gabriel Dengo, 1977. Geophysical data on the Central American land bridge. Conexiones Terrestres Entre Norte y Sudamerica: Simposio Interdisciplinario sobre Paleogeografia Mesoamericana, Editor Ismael Ferrusquia-Villafraca, 29-32. Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico Instituto De Geologia Boletin. Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.

Case, J. E., and Holcombe, T. L., 1980, Geologic-Tectonic Map of the Caribbean Region: U.S. Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Field Investigations, Map 1-1100.

Case, J. E., T. L. Holcumbe, and R. G. Martin, 1984. Map of geologic provinces in the Caribbean region. The Caribbean-South American plate boundary and regional tectonics, W. E. Bonini, R. B. Hargraves, and R. Shagam, 1-30. Geological Society of America Memoir. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Case, J. E., MacDonald, W. D., and Fox, P. J., 1990, Caribbean crustal provinces; seismic and gravity evidence, in Dengo, G., and Case, J. E., eds., The Caribbean Region: The Geology of North America: Boulder, Geological Society of America, p. 15-36.

Coates, Anthony G., Jeremy B. C. Jackson, Laurel S. Collins, Thomas M. Cronin, Harry J. Dowsett, Laurel M. Bybell, and Jorge A. Obando. 1990. Closure of the Isthmus of Panama: the near-shore marine record in Costa Rica and Panama. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs, v. 22, n. 7, p. A364.

Coates, Anthony G., Jeremy B. C. Jackson, Laurel S. Collins, Thomas M. Cronin, Harry J. Dowsett, Laurel M. Bybell, Peter Jung, and Jorge A. Obando, 1992. Closure of the Isthmus of Panama: the near-shore marine record of Costa Rica and western Panama. Geological Society of America Bulletin 104: 814-28.

Coates, Anthony G., and Jorge A. Obando. 1996. The geologic evolution of the Central American isthmus, p. 21-56 in Jackson, Jeremy B.C., Ann F. Budd, and Anthony G. Coates (eds.), Evolution and Environment in Tropical America: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.

Coates, Anthony G., Jorge A. Obando, and Herman Gonzalez. 1992. Sedimentary dynamics and structural control of Neogene tropical biofacies during the formation of the Central American Isthmus. Fifth North American Paleontological Convention Abstracts and Program, Paleontological Society Special Publication n. 6, p. 62.

Collins, Laurel S. 1994. Evolution of Neogene Caribbean benthic foraminifera relative to the closure of the Tropical American Seaway. Paleobios v. 16, n. 2 (supplement), p. 28.

Collins, Laurel S. 1996. Environmental changes in Caribbean shallow waters relative to the closing Tropical American Seaway, p. 130-167 in Jackson, Jeremy B.C., Ann F. Budd, and Anthony G. Coates (eds.), Evolution and Environment in Tropical America: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.

Coney, P. J., 1983. Un modelo tectónico de México y sus relaciones con América del Norte, América del Sur y el Caribe. Revista del Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo 15: 6-15.

Coney, Peter J., 1982. Plate tectonic constraints on the biogeography of Middle America and the Caribbean region. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 69: 432-43.

Cotton, Mathew A. 1991. The Planktonic Foraminifera of the Southern Central American Isthmus. Masters Thesis, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., 148 p.

Cotton, Mathew A., and Harry J. Dowsett. 1990. Neogene planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy from the Pacific and Caribbean sides of the lower Central American Isthmus. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs, v. 22, n. 7, p. A200.

Cowan, Hugh (Universidad de Panama, Instituto de Geociencias, Panama). Paleoseismology in the Cocos-Nazca-Caribbean Triple Junction: Southern California Earthquake Center Quarterly Newsletter, 3(2), p. 26-27, 1997.

Cronin, Thomas M., and Harry J. Dowsett. 1996. Biotic and oceanographic response to the Pliocene closing of the Central American isthmus, p. 76-104 in Jackson, Jeremy B.C., Ann F. Budd, and Anthony G. Coates (eds.), Evolution and Environment in Tropical America: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.

Dean, B. 1976. Focal mechanism solutions and tectonics of the Middle America Arc. M.A. thesis, Dartmouth College.

Dean, B. W. and C. L. Drake, 1978. Focal mechanisms solutions and tectonics of the Middle America Arc. Journal of Geology 86: 111-28.

Dengo, G., 1968, Estructura geológica, historia tectónica y morfología de America Central: Guatemala, Instituto Centroamericano de Investigación y Tecnología Industrial (ICAITI), 50 p.

Dengo, G., 1969. Problems of tectonic relations between Central America and the Caribbean. Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions 19: 311-20.

Dengo, G., 1973. Estructura geológica, historia tectónica y morfología de América Central. 1-52. Instituto Centroamericano de Investigaciones Tecnología Insdustrial (ICAITI).

Dengo, G., 1975. Paleozoic and Mesozoic tectonic belts in Mexico and Central America. The Ocean Basins and Margins. Volume 3: the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean, Editors Alan E. M. Nairn and Francis G. Stehli, 283-323. New York: Plenum Press.

Dengo, G., 1983. Mid America: tectonic setting for the Pacific margin from southern Mexico to northern Colombia. Guatemala: Centro de Estudios Geológicos de América Central.

Dengo, G., 1985. Mid America; Tectonic setting for the Pacific margin from southern Mexico to northwestern Columbia, in Nairn, A.E.M., and Stechli, F.G., eds., The ocean basins and margins, v. 7, New York, Plenum Press, pp123-180.

Dengo, G., and Bohnenberger, O., 1969, Structural development of northern Central America, in McBirney, A. R., ed., Tectonic Relations of Northern Central America and the Western Caribbean -- The Bonacca Expedition: Memoir, American Association of Petroleum Geologists, p. 203-220.

Dengo, G., Bohnenberger, O., and Bonis, S., 1970, Tectonics and volcanism along the Pacific Marginal Zone of Central America: Geologische Rundschau, v. Band 59, p. 1215-1232.

Dengo, Gabriel and J. E. Case, 1990. The Geology of North America, volume H: the Caribbean Region. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Dewey, J. W., and Suárez, G., 1991, Seismotectonics of Middle America, in Slemmons, D. B., Engdahl, E. R., and Blackwell, D. D., eds., Neotectonics of North America: Decade Map Volume: Boulder, Geological Society of America, p. 309-321.

Di Marco, G., P. O. Baumgartner, and J. E. T. Channell. 1995. Late Cretaceous - early Tertiary paleomagnetic data and a revised tectonostratigraphic subdivision of Costa Rica and western Panama. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor Paul Mann, 1-27. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Dixon, T. H., and Mao, A. L., 1997, A GPS estimate of relative motion between North and South America: Geophys Res Lett, v. 24, no. 5, p. 535-538.

Donnelly, T. W., 1989, Geologic history of the Caribbean and Central America, in Bally, A. W., and Palmer, A. R., eds., The Geology of North America--An overview: The Geology of North America: Boulder, Geological Society of America, p. 299-321.

Donnelly, T. W., Crane, D., and Burkart, B., 1968, Geologic history of the landward extension of the Bartlett Trough -- some preliminary notes: Transactions Fourth Caribbean Geologic Conference, Trinidad, p. 225-228.

Donnelly T.M., G.S. Horne, R.C. Finch, and E. López Ramos 1991, Northern Central America: The Maya and Chortis Blocks: in The Geology of North America, H: The Caribbean Region, (Dengo, G. and J.E. Case, eds.) p. 37-76. Geol. Soc. Am., Boulder, Co. USA.

Dowsett, Harry J. 1992. Graphic correlation of deep sea and shallow marine deposits from the Central American Isthmus region: implications for Late Neogene paleoclimatology. Fifth North American Paleontological Convention Abstracts and Program, Paleontological Society Special Publication n. 6, p. 88.

Dowsett, Harry J., and Mathew A. Cotton. 1996. Graphic correlation of marine deposits from the Central American isthmus: implications for Late Neogene paleoceanography, p. 57-75 in Jackson, Jeremy B.C., Ann F. Budd, and Anthony G. Coates (eds.), Evolution and Environment in Tropical America: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.

Draper, G., Gordon, M.B., and Dengo, G., 1993, Metamorphic map of the Caribbean region, including Central America and northern South America: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 25, p. A285.

Drewes, H., Kaniuth, K., Stuber, K., Tremel, H., Kahle, H. G., Straub, C., Hernandez, N., Hoyer, M., and Wildermann, E., 1995, The CASA'93 GPS campaign for crustal deformation research along the South Caribbean plate boundary: J Geodynamics, v. 20, no. 2, p. 129-144.

Droxler Andre W., 1990, Modern periplatform highstand shedding of two semidrowned or drowned shallow carbonate systems, Pedro Bank and the southern shelf of Jamaica, northern Nicaragua Rise. AAPG Bulletin. 74; 5, Pages 645.

Droxler, A. W., Cunningham, A. D., Hine, A. C., Duncan, D., Rosencrantz, E., Buffler, R. T., and Robinson, E., 1992, Late-Middle (?) Miocene segmentation of an Eocene-early Miocene carbonate megabank on the northern Nicaragua Rise; response to tectonic activity along the North America/Caribbean plate boundary zone: Eos (Transactions, American Geophysical Union), v. 73, no. 43, p. 299.

Droxler Andre W. 1993 Late middle (?) Miocene segmentation of an Eocene-early Miocene carbonate megabank on the northern Nicaragua Rise tied to the tectonic activity at the North America/ Caribbean Plate boundary zone., AAPG Bulletin. 77; 2, Pages 314.

Duncan, R. A. and R. B. Hargraves, 1984. Plate tectonic evolution of the Caribbean region in the mantle frame. Caribbean-South American plate boundary and regional tectonics, Editors W. E. Bonini, R. B. Hargraves, and R. Shagam, 81-93. Geological Society of America Memoir.

Durham, J. Wyatt, 1985. Movement of the Caribbean plate and its importance for biogeography in the Caribbean. Geology 13: 123-5.

Eames, F. E. and others, 1968. Some larger foraminifera from the Tertiary of Central America. Palaeontology 11, 2: 283-305.

Emiliani, C., S. Gartner, and B. Lidz, 1972. Neogene sedimentation on the Blake Plateau and the emergence of the Central American isthmus. Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology 11: 1-10.

Feigenson, Mark D., 1993 The source of Central American lavas; inferences from geochemical inverse modeling. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology. 113; 2, Pages 226-235.

Fox, Paul J. and Bruce C. Heezen, 1975. Geology of the Caribbean crust. The Ocean Basins and Margins. Volume 3: the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean, Editors Alan E. M. Nairn and Francis G. Stehli, 421-66. New York: Plenum Press.

Frisch, Wolfgang, Martin Meschede, and Marc Sick, 1992. Origin of the Central American ophiolites: evidence from paleomagnetic results. Geological Society of America Bulletin 104: 1301-14.

Galbrun, B. (Departement de geologie sedimentaire, Universite Paris VI, URA CNRS 1761, case 117, 4, place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France); Louvel, V.; Cotillon, P.; Leckie, M.; Sigurdsson, H.; Acton, G.; Abrams, L. J.; Bralower, T. J.; Carey, S. N.; Chaisson, W. P.; Cunningham, A.; D'hondt, S. L.; Droxler, A.; Haug, G.; Kameo, K.; King, J.; Lind, I. L.; Lyons, T. W.; Murray, R. W.; Mutti, M.; Pearce, R. B.; Pearson, D. G.; Peterson, L. C. and Roehl, U. Signature sedimentaire d'evenements globaux post-mesozoiques en mer des Caraibes; resultats preliminaires de la campagne ODP 165 [Sedimentary record of post-Mesozoic global events in the Caribbean Sea; preliminary results of ODP Leg 165]: Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Serie II. Sciences de la Terre et des Planetes, 325(7), p. 505-510 (English sum.), 18 ref., 1997.

Gardner, Thomas W. and others, 1987. Central America and the Caribbean. Geomorphic Systems of North America, Editor W. L. Graf, 343-402. Geological Society of America Centennial Special Volume. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America

Gordon, M.B., 1987b. Cenozoic migration of strike-slip faulting in Central America: EOS (Transactions of the American Geophysical Union), v. 68, p. 1483.

Gordon, M. B., 1989, Mesozoic igneous rocks on the Chortis block: Implications for Caribbean reconstructions: Eos (Transactions, American Geophysical Union), v. 70, p. 1342.

Gordon, M. B., 1991, The Chortís block is a continental, pre-Mesozoic terrane, in Larue, D. K., and Draper, G., eds., Transactions, 12th Caribbean Geologic Conference, St. Croix, U.S.V.I., Miami Geological Society, p. 505-512.

Gordon, M. B., 1992, Northern Central America (The Chortís block), in Westermann, G. E. G., ed., The Jurassic of the Circum-Pacific: World and Regional Geology: New York, Cambridge University Press, p. 107-113.

Gordon, M. B., 1993, Multiple phases of Neogene east-west and north-south extension on the Chortís block, Central America: Eos (Transactions American Geophysical Union), v. 74, p. 614.

Gordon, M. B., 1994, Active faults of the Chortís block: Eos (Transactions of the American Geophysical Union), v. 75, p. 611.

Gordon, M. B., 1994, Evolution of Neogene microtectonic phases on the Chortís block (Northern Central America): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 26, no. 7, p. 74.

Gordon, M. B., and Ave Lallemant, H. G., 1995, Cryptic strike-slip faults of the Chortís block: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 27, p. 226-227.

Gordon, M. B., and Gose, W. A., 1989, The Chortis Block: A raft of Mesozoic sediments and Cenozoic volcanics on a solid foundation: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 21, p. 12.

Gordon, M. B., Kozuch, M. J., and Muehlberger, W. R., 1991, Active Tectonics of the Chortís block, in Larue, D. K., and Draper, G., eds., Transactions, 12th Caribbean Geological Conference, St. Croix, U.S.V.I., Miami Geological Society, p. 503-504.

Gordon, M. B., and Muehlberger, W. R., 1994, Rotation of the Chortís block causes dextral slip on the Guayape fault: Tectonics, v. 13, p. 858-872.

Gordon, M. B., Muehlberger, W. R., and Kozuch, M. J., 1989, Active tectonics of the Chortis block: 12th Caribbean Geological Conference, Abstracts, v. 12, p. 61.

Gose, W. A., 1983. Late Cretaceous-early Tertiary tectonic history of southern Central America. Journal of Geophysical Research 88: 10585-92.

Gose, W.A. y R.C. Finch, 1987, Magnetostratigraphic studies of the Certaceous rocks in Central America: Actas Fac. Ciencias Terra U.A.N.L. Linares, v.2, p. 233-24

Graham, A., 1987. Tropical American Tertiary floras and paleoenvironments: Mexico, Costa Rica, and Panama. American Journal of Botany 74, 10: 1519-31.

________, 1988. Lower Miocene floras and biogeography of Central America. The Journal of the Geological Society of Jamaica 25: 8-15.

Gursky, H. and others, 1983. The geologic development of the ophiolitic basement in southern Central America. Caribbean Geological Conference, 10th, Abstracts with Programs: 39.

Guzman, Marco S. 1985, Triple Junction of the North America, Cocos and Caribbean Plates. MA, The University of Texas at Austin.

Guzmán-Soeziale, M., W. D. Pennington, and T. Matumoto, 1989. The triple junction of the North America, Cocos, and Caribbean plates; Seismicity and tectonics. Tectonics 8: 981-98.

Harlow, George E., 1993, Middle American Jade: Geologic and Petrologic Perspectives on Variability and Source: in Precolumbian Jade, (Frederick W.Lange, ed.), University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, 378 pp., (pp. 9 - 29).

Heubeck, C., and Mann, P., 1991, Geologic evaluation of plate kinematic models for the North American-Caribbean plate boundary zone: Tectonophysics, v. 191, p. 1-26.

Hoffstetter, R., L. Zoppis Bracci, and G. Dengo, 1960. Lexique stratigraphique international. Amerique Latine. Paris, Amerique Centrale. Note: , fascicule 2a.

Holcombe, T. L., 1990, Representative Caribbean seismic sections I, Plate 8, in Dengo, G., and Case, J. E., eds., The Caribbean Region: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America.

Jackson, Jeremy B.C., and Ann F. Budd. 1996. Evolution and environment: introduction and overview, in Jackson, Jeremy B.C., Ann F. Budd, and Anthony G. Coates (eds.), Evolution and Environment in Tropical America: University of Chicago Press, 425 pp

Jackson, Jeremy B.C., and Anthony G. Coates. 1993. Biología y geología marina del Istmo de Panamá, pp. 35-42 in H. Moreno S. (ed.), Agenda Ecológica y Social para Bocas del Toro, Actas de los Seminarios Talleres.

Jackson, Jeremy B.C., and Peter Jung. 1992. Molluscan diversification and extinction on opposite sides of the Isthmus of Panama. Fifth North American Paleontological Convention Abstracts and Program, Paleontological Society Special Publication n. 6, p.144.

Jackson, J. B. C., Peter Jung, Anthony G. Coates, and Laurel S. Collins, 1993. Diversity and extinction of tropical American mollusks and emergence of the Isthmus of Panama. Science 260: 1624-6.

Jones, Douglas S. and Phyllis F. Hasson, 1985. History and development of the marine invertebrate faunas separated by the Central American Isthmus. The Great American Biotic Interchange, Editors Francis G. Stehli and S. David Webb, 325-55. Topics in Geobiology. New York: Plenum Press.

Jones, S. M., 1950. Geology of Gatun Lake and vicinity, Panama. Geological Society of America Bulletin 61: 893-922.

Johnston, S.T. and Thorkelson, D.J., 1997, Cocos-Nazca slab window beneath Central America, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 146, p.465-474

Jordan, T. E., 1975. The present-day motions of the Caribbean Plate. Journal of Geophysical Research 80: 4433-9.

Karig, D. E. and others, 1978. Late Cenozoic subduction and continental margin truncation along the northern Middle America Trench. Geological Society of America Bulletin 89: 265-76

Kellogg, J. N. and V. Vega. 1995. Tectonic develpment of Panama, Costa Rica, and the Colombian Andes: Constraints from global positioning system geodetic studies and gravity. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 75-87. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Kerr , Andrew C. 1998, The internal structure of oceanic plateaus: inferences from obducted Cretaceous terranes in western Colombia and the Caribbean TECTONOPHYSICS, 292 / 3-4, pp.: 173-188

Kesler, S. E., 1971, Nature of ancestral orogenic zone in Nuclear Central America: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 55, p. 2116-2129.

Kesler, S. E., Levy, E., and Martín F., C., 1990, Metallogenic evolution of the Caribbean region, in Dengo, G., and Case, J. E., eds., The Caribbean Region: The Geology of North America: Boulder, Geological Society of America, p. 459-482.

Kim, Jung Joon 1981, Crustal Section of Northern Central America as Inferred from Wide-angle Reflections from Shallow Earthquakes., The University of Texas at Austin.

Kim, J. J., Matumoto, T., and Latham, G. V., 1982, A crustal section of northern Central America as inferred from wide-angle reflections from shallow earthquakes: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 72, p. 925-940.

Knowlton, F. W., 1918, Relations between the Mesozoic floras of North and South America: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 29, p. 607-614.

Kring, D. A. (University of Arizona, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, Tucson, AZ); Pierazzo, E. and Turtle, E. P. Composition of Earth's continental crust as inferred from impact melts in the Maya Block and Kaapvaal Craton [abstr.]: in Seventh annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Lunar and Planetary Institute), LPI Contribution, 921, p. 117-118, 13 ref., 1997.

Kolarsky, Radim Antonin 1992, Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic Tectonics and Sedimentation in Southern Central America: Costa Rica and Panama. MA, The University of Texas at Austin.

Lange, Frederick W. (ed.), Precolumbian Jade; University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, 378 pp., 1993

Larson, Roger L. and Clement G. Chase, 1970. Relative velocities of the Pacific, North America and Cocos plates in the Middle America region. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 7: 425-8.

Larue, D. K., Smith, A. L., and Schellekens, J. H., 1991, Oceanic island arc stratigraphy in the Caribbean region: don't take it for granite: Sedimentary Geology, v. 74, p. 289-308.

Le Fevre, L. and K. McNally, 1984. Stress distribution and subduction of aseismic ridges in the Middle America subduction zone. J. of Geophysical Research 90: 4495-510.

Leeman, W. P. and M. J. Carr. 1995. Geochemical constraints on subduction processes in the Central American volcanic arc: Implications of Boron geochemistry. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 57-73. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Lloyd, Joel J., 1963. Tectonic history of the South Central American orogen. Backbone of the Americas, Tectonic History from Pole to Pole, a Symposium, Editors O. E. Childs and B. W. Beebe, 88-100. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir.

Lowrie, Allen and others, 1982. Location of the eastern boundary of the Cocos plate during the Miocene. Marine Geology 45: 261-79.

MacDonald, W. D., 1974. Cretaceous-Tertiary evolution of the Caribbean. Caribbean Geological Conference, 7th, Transactions: 69-78.

Macdonald, William D. (Dept. Geology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, 13902, wdmacdon, binghamton.edu); Estrada, Juan J.; Gonzalez, Humberto and Ingeominas, A. A. Paleoplate affiliations of volcanic accretionary terranes of the Northern Andes [abstr.]: in Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting, Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, 29(6), 1997. Meeting: Oct. 20-23, 1997, Salt Lake City, UT.

Maier-Reimer, E., U. Mikolajewicz, and T. Crowley, 1990. Ocean general circulation model sensitivity experiment with an open Central American isthmus. Paleoceanography 5: 349-66.

Malfait, Bruce T., 1978. Geological and geophysical investigations in the Cocos plate as related to the origin of southern Central America. Conexiones Terrestres entre Norte y Sudamerica: Simposio Interdisciplinario sobre Paleogeografia Mesoamericana, Editor Ismael Ferrusquia-Villafranca, 26-9. Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico Instituto De Geologia Boletin. Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.

Malfait, Bruce T. and Menno G. Dinkelman, 1972. Circum-Caribbean tectonic and igneous activity and the evolution of the Caribbean plate. Geological Society of America Bulletin 83: 251-72.

Mann, P. 1995. Selected publications of Richard Weyl on the geology of Central America. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 341. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Mann, Paul and Kevin Burke, 1984. Neotectonics of the Caribbean. Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics 22, 4: 309-62.

Mann, P., and Burke, K., 1984, Cenozoic rift formation in the northern Caribbean: Geology, v. 12, p. 732-736.

Mann, P., C. Schubert and K. Burke, 1990. Review of Caribbean neotectonics: in The Geology of North America, H: The Caribbean Region, (Dengo, G. and J.E. Case, eds.), pp 307-338. Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO USA.

Mann, P., Taylor, F. W., Edwards, R. L., and Ku, T. L., 1995, Actively evolving microplate formation by oblique collision and sideways motion along strike-slip faults: An example from the northeastern Caribbean plate margin: Tectonophysics, v. 246, p. 1-69.

Mann, P., and Gordon, M.B., 1996, Tectonic uplift and exhumation of blueschist belts along transpressional strike-slip fault zones in G.E. Bebout, D.W. Scholl, S.H. Kirby, and J.P. Platt (eds.), Subduction Top to Bottom, Geophysical Monograph Series, v. 96, American Geophysical Union, p. 143-154.

Mann, Paul, Lisa Gahagan, and Laurel S. Collins. 1997. Tectonic development of Late Jurassic-Recent paleoseaways in the Caribbean region. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, v. 78

Mauffret, A. (Dept. de Geotectonique, CNRS URA 1759, Case 129, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France) and Leroy, S. Seismic stratigraphy and structure of the Caribbean igneous province: Tectonophysics, 283(1-4), p. 61-104, December 1997.

McDougall, Kristin, 1985. Miocene to Pleistocene benthic foraminifers and paleoceanography of the Middle America Slope, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 84. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 84: 363-418.

Miller, R. L., Escalante, G., Reinemund, J. A., and Bergin, M. J., 1995, Energy and Mineral Potential of the Central American-Caribbean Region, in Green, H. G., ed., Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, Earth Science Series: Berlin, Springer-Verlag, p. 422.

Molnar, P. and L. R. Sykes, 1969. Tectonics of the Caribbean and Middle America regions from focal mechanisms and seismicity. Geological Society of America Bulletin 80: 1639-84.

Müllerried, F. K. G., 1939, Investigaciones y Exploraciones Geográfico-Geológicas en la Porción Nor-Oeste de la América Central, Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historía, 50 p.

Müllerried, F. K. G., 1942, Contribution to the geology of northwestern Central America: Proceedings of the Eighth American Scientific Congress, v. 4, Geological Sciences, p. 469-482.

Müllerried, F. K. G., 1942, The Mesozoic of México and northwestern Central America: Proceedings of the Eighth American Scientific Congress, v. 4, Geological Sciences, p. 125-147.

Pezard, P. A. (CEREGE, Laboratoire de Petrologie Magmatique, Aix-en-Provence, France); Ayadi, M.; Revil, A.; Bronner, G. and Wilkens, R. Detailed structure of an oceanic normal fault; a multiscalar approach at DSDP/ODP Site 504: in Core-log seismic data integration (Goldberg, D., prefacer), Geophysical Research Letters, 24(3), p. 337-340, illus., 31 ref., February 1, 1997.

Pindell, James Lawrence 1981, Permo-Triassic Reconstruction of Western Pangea and the Evolution of the Gulf of Mexico - Caribbean Region., State University of New York at Albany.

Pindell, J. L., 1993, Regional synopsis of Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean evolution, in Pindell, J. L., and Perkins, B. F., eds., Mesozoic and Early Cenozoic Development of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Region, Gulf Coast Section Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Foundation 13th Annual Research Conference, Proceedings, p. 251-174.

Pindell, J. L., Cande, S. C., Pitman, W. C., III,, Rowley, D. B., Dewey, J. F., Labrecque, J., and Haxby, W., 1988, A plate-kinematic framework for models of Caribbean evolution: Tectonophysics, v. 155, p. 121-138.

Pindell, J. L. and S. F. Barrett, 1990. Geological evolution of the Caribbean region; a plate-tectonic perspective. The Caribbean Region, Editors G. Dengo and J. E. Case, 405-32. The Geology of North America. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America.

Pindell, James and John F. Dewey, 1982. Permo-Triassic reconstruction of western Pangea and the evolution of the Gulf of Mexico/Caribbean region. Tectonics 1, 2: 179-211.

Poucle, A. and others, 1985. Ash layers from Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 84; Middle America Trench transect. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 84: 609-18.

Protti, M., F. Guendel, and K. McNally. 1995. Correlation between the age of the subducting Cocos Plate and the geometry of the Wadati-Benioff zone under Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 309-26. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Roberts, R. J. and E. M. Irving, 1957. Mineral deposits of Central America. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1034: 205.

Rosencrantz, E., and Mann, P., 1991, SeaMARC II mapping of transform faults in the Cayman Trough, Caribbean Sea: Geology, v. 19, p. 690-693.

Rosencrantz, E., Ross, M. I., and Sclater, J. G., 1988, Age and spreading history of the Cayman Trough as determined from depth, heat flow, and magnetic anomalies: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 93, p. 2141-2157.

Rosencrantz, E., and Sclater, J. G., 1986, Depth and age in the Cayman Trough: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 79, p. 133-144.

Ross, M. I., and Scotese, C. R., 1988, A hierarchical tectonic model of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean region: Tectonophysics, v. 155, p. 139-168.

Sapper, K., 1899. Ueber Gebirgsbau und Boden des nördlichen Mittelamerika. Petermanns Mitteilung, Goethe 27, 127: 119.

________, 1901. Die Alta Verapaz (Guatemala). Geologischen Gesellschaft Hamburg 17: 78-214.

________, 1905. Ueber Gebirgsbau und Boden des Südlichen Mittelamerika. Petermanns Geographische Mitt 32: 82.

Sapper, Karl, 1937. Mittelamerika, unter mitarbeit von privatdozent dr. Walther Staub. Handbuch Der Regionalen Geologie. Heidelberg: C. Winter's universitatsbuchhandlung

Schell, B. A. and A. C. Tarr, 1978. Plate tectonics of the northwestern Caribbean Sea region. Geologie en Mijnbouw 57: 319-24.

Schmidt-Effing, R., 1979. Geodynamic history of oceanic crust in southern Central America. Latin American Geological Congress, 4th, Geologische Rundschau 68: 457-94.

Schmidt, Hannelore and Hartmut Seyfried, 1991. Depositional sequences and sequence boundaries in fore-arc coastal embayments: case histories from Central America. Sedimentation, Tectonics and Eustasy: Sea-Level Changes at Active Margins, Editor David I. M. Macdonald, 241-58. Special Publication. Boston: Blackwell Scientific Publications.

Schwartz, D. P., 1985, The Caribbean-North America plate boundary in Central America: New data on Quaternary tectonics: Earthquake Notes, Eastern Section, Seismological Society of America, v. 56, no. 1, p. 28.

Schwartz, D. P., Cluff, L. S., and Donnelly, T. W., 1979, Quaternary faulting along the Caribbean--North American plate boundary in Central America: Tectonophysics, v. 52, p. 431-445.

Seyfried, Hartmut and others, 1991. Anatomy of an evolving island arc: tectonic and eustatic control in the south Central American fore-arc area. Sedimentation, Tectonics and Eustasy: Sea-Level Changes at Active Margins, Editor David I. M. Macdonald, 217-40. Special Publication. Boston: Blackwell Scientific Publications.

Seyfried, Hartmut, Allan Astorga, and Claudio Calvo, 1987. Sequence stratigraphy of deep and shallow water deposits from an evolving island arc: the Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary of southern Central America. Facies 17: 203-14.

Seyfried, Hartmut and Peter Sprechmann, 1985. Acerca de la formacion del Puente-Istmo Centroamericano Meridional, con enfasis en el desarrollo acaecido desde el Campaniense al Eoceno. Revista Geologia del America Central 2: 63-87.

________, 1986. Uber die Fruhgeschichte (Campan bis Eozan) der sudlichen mittelamerikanischen Landbrucke=On the ancestral south Central American land-bridge (Campanian to Eocene). 38-55.

Stein, S., DeMets, C., Gordon, R. G., Brodholt, J., Argus, D., Engeln, J. F., Lundgren, P., Stein, C., Wiens, D. A., and Woods, D. F., 1988, A test of alternative Caribbean plate relative motion models: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 93, p. 3041-3050.

Stewart, John H. (U. S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA). Regional characteristics, tilt domains, and extensional history of the later Cenozoic Basin and Range Province, western North America: in Accommodation zones and transfer zones; the regional segmentation of the Basin and Range Province (Faulds, James E., editor; et al.), Special Paper - Geological Society of America, 323, p. 47-74, illus. incl. sketch maps, 237 ref., 1998.

Stoiber, R. E. and M. J. Carr, 1974. Quaternary volcanic and tectonic segmentation of Central America. Bulletin Volcanologique 37: 304-25.

Sykes, L. R. and M. Ewing, 1965. The seismicity of the Caribbean region. Journal of Geophysical Research 70: 5065-74.

Sykes, Lynn R., William R. McCann, and Alan L. Kafka, 1982. Motion of Caribbean plate during last 7 million years and implications for earlier Cenozoic movements. Journal of Geophysical Research 87, B13: 10656-76.

Teranes, Jane L. 1993. Stable isotope records of seasonality in Neogene bivalves from the Central American Isthmus. Masters Thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, 112p.

Teranes, Jane L., Dana H. Geary, and Brian E. Bemis. 1996. The oxygen isotopic record of seasonality in Neogene bivalves from the Central American Isthmus, p. 105-129 in Jackson, Jeremy B.C., Ann F. Budd, and Anthony G. Coates (eds.), Evolution and Environment in Tropical America: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.

Tiedemann, Ralf (GEOMAR Forschungszentrum fuer marine Geowissenschaften, Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany) and Franz, S. O. Deep-water circulation, chemistry, and terrigenous sediment supply in the Equatorial Atlantic during the Pliocene, 3.3-2.6 Ma and 5-4.5 Ma: in Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program; scientific results, Ceara Rise; covering Leg 154 of the cruises of the drilling vessel JOIDES Resolution, Bridgetown, Barbados, to Bridgetown, Barbados, sites 925-929, 24 January-25 March, 1994 (Shackleton, Nicholas J.; et al.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 154, p. 299-318, illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map, 66 ref., September 1997.

Tyburski Stacey A , 1991, Caribbean Basin framework; 2, Northern Central America. SO: AAPG Bulletin. 75; 3, Pages 684. 1991.

Tyburski, Stacey Ann 1992, Deformational Mechanisms along Active Strike-Slip Faults: SeaMARC II Data from the North America-Caribbean Plate Boundary. MA, The University of Texas at Austin.

Van den Bold, W. A., 1977. Distribution of Tertiary and Quaternary Ostracoda in Central America and Mexico. Conexiones Terrestres entre Norte y Sudamerica: Simposio Interdisciplinario sobre Paleogeografia Mesoamericana: 114-37. Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico Instituto De Geologia Boletin . Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Instituto de Geologia.

Vaughan, T. W., 1918. Geological history of Central America and the West Indies during Cenozoic time. Geological Society of America Bulletin 29: 615-30.

Vermeij, Geerat J. and Timothy M. Collins, 1988. Nerita fortidentata, a new gastropod from the Neogene of Panama, with comments on the fossil record of Nerita in tropical America. The Nautilus 102, 3: 102-5.

von Huene, R., 1989, The middle America convergent plate boundary, Guatemala, in Winterer, E. L., Hussong, D. M., and Decker, R. W., eds., The Eastern Pacific Ocean and Hawaii: The Geology of North America: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America, p. 535-550.

Wadge, G. and K. Burke, 1983. Neogene Caribbean plate rotation and associated Central American tectonic evolution. Tectonics 2, 6: 633-43.

Walper, J. L., 1970, The role of the Chamelcón fault in Caribbean tectonics, submitted to Proceedings of the First Latin American Geological Congress: Lima, 28 p

Westbrook, G. K., N. C. Hardy, and R. P. Heath. 1995. Structure and tectonics of the Panama-Nazca Plate boundary. Geologic and tectonic development of the Caribbean plate boundary in southern Central America, Editor P. Mann, 91-109. Boulder, CO: Geolgical Society of America.

Weyl, R., 1961. Die Geologie Mittelamerikas. Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger

Weyl, Richard, 1980. Geology of Central America. Second, revised ed.Beitrage Zur Regionalen Geologie Der Erde. Berlin: Gebruder Borntraeger.

White, R. A., 1991, Tectonic implications of upper-crustal seismicity in Central America, in Slemmons, D. B., Engdahl, E. R., and Blackwell, D. D., eds., Neotectonics of North America: Decade Map Volume: Boulder, Geological Society of America, p. 323-338.

White, R. A., and Harlow, D. H., 1993, Destructive upper-crustal earthquakes of Central America since 1900: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 83, p. 1115-1142.

White, G. W. and K. Burke, 1980. Outline of the tectonic evolution of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean region. Houston Geological Society Bulletin 22: 8-13.

Wilson, H. H., 1974. Cretaceous sedimentation and orogeny in nuclear Central America. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 58: 1348-96.

Woodring, W. P, 1973. Affinities of Miocene marine molluscan faunas on Pacific side of Central America. Publicaciones Geologicas del ICAITI IV: 179-88.

________, 1977. Distribution of Tertiary marine molluscan faunas in southern Central America and northern South America. Conexiones Terrestres entre Norte y Sudamerica: Simposio Interdisciplinario sobre Paleogeografia Mesoamericana: 153-65. Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico Instituto De Geologia Boletin. Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.

return to top



 
Send reference of recent publications to Rob Rogers at rrogers@geology.csustan.edu to keep this section current. Laural Collins and Mark Gordon provided many of these references. Thanks you : )


Return to Contents of Honduras Geology.